A Nutrigenetic Update on CETP Gene–Diet Interactions on Lipid-Related Outcomes

Wuni, Ramatu; Kuhnle, Gunter Georg; Wynn-Jones, Alexandra Azzari; Vimaleswaran, Karani Santhanakrishnan

doi:10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Individually, the SNPs in our study did not show any significant interaction with dietary factors. The discrepancies in findings between our study and others could be because of allele frequencies and effect sizes which differ between populations [1,32]. Another plausible explanation is differences in dietary pattern and the methods used to assess dietary intake [1].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…Abnormalities in lipid metabolism have been linked to the development of obesity [16,58]. We used a nutrigenetic approach to see if dietary intake can modify this link by employing a GRS from the two lipid pathway genes, CETP and LPL, which have been shown to have the strongest effect on lipid concentrations [21,24,25,[27][28][29]32,59]. To account for the effect of T2D on lipid levels, we adjusted for T2D status, anti-diabetic medication, and duration of T2D in our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SNPs of the CETP gene have been associated with HDL concentrations [21,[24][25][26][27][28], while SNPs of the LPL gene have been associated with both HDL and TG levels [21,[29][30][31]. A recent review of GWA studies of lipids [32] showed that CETP SNPs had the highest number of associations with lipids, followed by LPL SNPs. CETP and LPL SNPs have also been associated with obesity-related traits [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population

et al. 2022

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Abnormalities in lipid metabolism have been linked to the development of obesity. We used a nutrigenetic approach to establish a link between lipids and obesity in Asian Indians, who are known to have a high prevalence of central obesity and dyslipidaemia. A sample of 497 Asian Indian individuals (260 with type 2 diabetes and 237 with normal glucose tolerance) (mean age: 44 ± 10 years) were randomly chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire. A genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed based on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genetic variants. There was a significant interaction between GRS and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake on waist circumference (WC) (Pinteraction = 0.006). Individuals with a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day), despite carrying ≥ 2 risk alleles, had a smaller WC compared to individuals carrying < 2 risk alleles (Beta = −0.01 cm; p = 0.03). For those individuals carrying ≥ 2 risk alleles, a high SFA intake (>23.2 g/day) was significantly associated with a larger WC than a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day) (Beta = 0.02 cm, p = 0.02). There were no significant interactions between GRS and other dietary factors on any of the measured outcomes. We conclude that a diet low in SFA might help reduce the genetic risk of central obesity confirmed by CETP and LPL genetic variants. Conversely, a high SFA diet increases the genetic risk of central obesity in Asian Indians.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population

et al. 2022

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“…In observational studies, significant interactions between diet and rs3764261 have been described. For example, in a study of 4,700 Iranian participants, a correlation between higher fish intake and a decrease in total cholesterol in individuals carrying the A allele was found ( 35 ). The frequency of the C allele in the Latin American population is 0.66, whereas for the A allele is 0.34 ( 20 , 21 ).…”

Section: Genetics In Obesity In the Latin American Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

et al. 2022

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Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that could impact an individual’s health; moreover, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity a global epidemic since 1997. In Latin America, in 2016, reports indicated that 24.2% of the adult population was obese. The environmental factor or specific behaviors like dietary intake or physical activity have a vital role in the development of a condition like obesity, but the interaction of genes could contribute to that predisposition. Hence, it is vital to understand the relationship between genes and disease. Indeed, genetics in nutrition studies the genetic variations and their effect on dietary response; while genomics in nutrition studies the role of nutrients in gene expression. The present review represents a compendium of the dietary behaviors in the Latin American environment and the interactions of genes with their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity, including the risk allele frequencies in the Latin American population. Additionally, a bibliographical selection of several studies has been included; these studies examined the impact that dietary patterns in Latin American environments have on the expression of numerous genes involved in obesity-associated metabolic pathways.

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“…Genome-wide association studies have identified several genetic loci associated with cardiometabolic traits but most of these studies have been performed in Caucasian populations (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Similarly, majority of nutrigenetic studies have been performed in Western countries and the findings might not be applicable to low-income countries due to variations in allele frequencies, dietary pattern, and environmental factors (5,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has increased in Latin American and the Caribbean populations (LACP). To identify gene-lifestyle interactions that modify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in LACP, a systematic search using 11 search engines was conducted up to May 2022.MethodsEligible studies were observational and interventional studies in either English, Spanish, or Portuguese. A total of 26,171 publications were screened for title and abstract; of these, 101 potential studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 74 articles were included in this study following full-text screening and risk of bias assessment. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies—of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies.ResultsWe identified 122 significant interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic traits and the vast majority of studies come from Brazil (29), Mexico (15) and Costa Rica (12) with FTO, APOE, and TCF7L2 being the most studied genes. The results of the gene-lifestyle interactions suggest effects which are population-, gender-, and ethnic-specific. Most of the gene-lifestyle interactions were conducted once, necessitating replication to reinforce these results.DiscussionThe findings of this review indicate that 27 out of 33 LACP have not conducted gene-lifestyle interaction studies and only five studies have been undertaken in low-socioeconomic settings. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, indicating a need for longitudinal/prospective studies. Future gene-lifestyle interaction studies will need to replicate primary research of already studied genetic variants to enable comparison, and to explore the interactions between genetic and other lifestyle factors such as those conditioned by socioeconomic factors and the built environment. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022308488.Systematic review registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier CRD420223 08488.

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A Nutrigenetic Update on CETP Gene–Diet Interactions on Lipid-Related Outcomes

Cited by 20 publications

References 110 publications

Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population

Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review

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