A paradox for air pollution controlling in China revealed by “APEC Blue” and “Parade Blue”

Liu, Haoran; Liu, Cheng; Xie, Zhouqing; Liu, Ying; Huang, Xin; Wang, Shanshan; Xu, Jun; Xie, Pinhua

doi:10.1038/srep34408

Cited by 82 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Vertical distribution profiles of aerosols and trace gases are also important for AMF calculations. In this study, trace gas profiles (e.g., O 3 , NO 2 , SO 2 , and HCHO) and vertical profiles of pressure and temperature are taken from the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) simulations for AMF calculations (Liu et al, 2016). Atmospheric profiles obtained from the model simulation were then interpolated in both spatial and temporal dimensions to MAX-DOAS measurements' location and time for AMF calculation.…”

Section: Q Hong Et Al: Ship-based Max-doas Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The local overpass time of OMI is between 13:40 and 13:50 (local time) on the ascending node. In this study, USTC's OMI tropospheric NO 2 product is used, which is developed based on OMI's primary product and has proven to be more suitable for the atmospheric conditions in China (Liu et al, 2016;Xing et al, 2017;Su et al, 2017). Slant column densities (SCDs) of NO 2 are retrieved by applying the DOAS fit to OMI spectra (data source: OMI Level 1B VIS Global Radiances Data product (OML1BRVG), https://disc.gsfc.nasa.…”

Section: Omi Satellite Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO2, SO2, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In this paper, we present ship-based MultiAxis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of tropospheric trace gases' distribution along the Yangtze River during winter 2015. The measurements were performed along the Yangtze River between Shanghai and Wuhan, covering major industrial areas in eastern China. Tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and formaldehyde (HCHO) were retrieved using the air mass factor calculated by the radiative transfer model. Enhanced tropospheric NO 2 and SO 2 VCDs were detected over downwind areas of industrial zones over the Yangtze River. In addition, spatial distributions of atmospheric pollutants are strongly affected by meteorological conditions; i.e., positive correlations were found between concentration of pollutants and wind speed over these areas, indicating strong influence of transportation of pollutants from high-emission upwind areas along the Yangtze River. Comparison of tropospheric NO 2 VCDs between ship-based MAX-DOAS and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite observations shows good agreement with each other, with a Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of 0.82. In this study, the NO 2 / SO 2 ratio was used to estimate the relative contributions of industrial sources and vehicle emissions to ambient NO 2 levels. Analysis results of the NO 2 / SO 2 ratio show a higher contribution of industrial NO 2 emissions in Jiangsu Province, while NO 2 levels in Jiangxi and Hubei provinces are mainly related to vehicle emissions. These results indicate that different pollution control strategies should be applied in different provinces. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis of ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and odd oxygen (O x ) indicated that the primary emission and secondary formation of HCHO contribute 54.4 ± 3.7 % and 39.3 ± 4.3 % to the ambient HCHO, respectively. The largest contribution from primary emissions in winter suggested that photochemically induced secondary formation of HCHO is reduced due to lower solar irradiance in winter. Our findings provide an improved understanding of major pollution sources along the eastern part of the Yangtze River which are useful for designing specific air pollution control policies.

show abstract

Section: Q Hong Et Al: Ship-based Max-doas Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Omi Satellite Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO2, SO2, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vertical distribution profiles of aerosols and trace gases are also important for the AMF calculation. In this study, trace gas profiles (e.g., O 3 , NO 2 , SO 2 , and HCHO) and vertical profiles of pressure and temperature are taken from WRFChem simulations for AMF calculations (Liu et al, 2016). Aerosol extinction coefficients in the lowest 2 km of the 170 troposphere were taken from the Mie lidar measurements while aerosols above 2 km were not considered in the radiative transfer simulations.…”

Section: Determination Of the Tropospheric Vcd 145mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, USTC's OMI tropospheric NO 2 product is used (Liu et al, 2016). Slant column densities (SCDs) of NO 2 are retrieved by applying the DOAS fit to OMI spectra.…”

Section: Omi Satellite Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Separation of stratospheric and tropospheric columns is achieved by the local analysis of the 230 stratospheric field over unpolluted areas (Bucsela et al, 2013;Krotkov et al, 2017).The OMI NO 2 SCDs are converted to VCDs by using the concept of air mass factor (AMF). The AMFs are calculated based on the NO 2 and atmospheric profiles well as the satellite data retrieval process can be found in Liu et al (2016).…”

Section: Omi Satellite Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO2, SO2, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Hong¹,

Liu²,

Chan³

et al. 2018

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In this paper, we present ship-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of tropospheric trace gases distribution along Yangtze River during winter 2015. The measurements were 15 performed along Yangtze River between Shanghai and Wuhan covering major industrial areas in eastern China.Tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and formaldehyde (HCHO) were retrieved using air mass factor calculated by radiative transfer model. Enhanced tropospheric NO 2 and SO 2 VCDs were detected over downwind areas of industrial zones over Yangtze River. In addition, spatial distributions of atmospheric pollutants are strongly affected by meteorological conditions, i.e., positive correlations were found between concentration of 20 pollutants and wind speed over these areas indicating strong influence of transportation of pollutants from high-emission upwind areas along Yangtze River. Comparison of tropospheric NO 2 VCDs between ship-based MAX-DOAS and OMI satellite observations shows good agreement with each other with Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of 0.82. In this study, NO 2 /SO 2 ratio was used to estimate the relative contributions of industrial sources and vehicle emissions to ambient NO 2 levels. Analysis results of NO 2 /SO 2 ratio shows that higher contribution of industrial NO 2 emissions in Jiangsu province, 25 while NO 2 levels in Jiangxi and Hubei provinces are mainly related to vehicle emissions. These results indicate that different pollution control strategies should be applied in different provinces. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis of ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and odd oxygen (O x ) indicated that the primary emission and secondary formation of HCHO contribute 54.4 ± 3.7% and 39.3 ± 4.3% to the ambient HCHO, respectively. The largest contribution from primary emissions in winter suggested that photochemically induced secondary formation of HCHO is reduced due to lower solar 30

show abstract

Evaluating the Impact of Emissions Regulations on the Emissions Reduction During the 2015 China Victory Day Parade With an Ensemble Square Root Filter

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to guarantee good air quality for the 15th International Association of Athletics Federations World Championships (22–30 August) and the China Victory Day parade (3 September) in Beijing, a series of comprehensive emissions regulations were implemented in Beijing and the surrounding provinces from 20 August to 3 September 2015. During this period, the intensity of the emissions regulation was enhanced step by step in the run‐up to the event. This period therefore allowed us to quantitatively estimate the reduction in emissions as a result of the emissions regulations under different intensity and strategy scenarios. The ensemble square root filter was employed to optimize the initial conditions and the emissions simultaneously. Numerical results showed that the variations of the anthropogenic emissions before, during, and after the emissions regulations were reasonably simulated. The updated emissions were about 80% and 50% of the prior anthropogenic emissions during the regular‐ and stringent‐regulations periods, respectively. As a result, the PM2.5 concentrations consistently reduced during the regulations period, and the largest reduction occurred under the stringent‐regulations period. Sensitivity simulations forced by the averaged emissions before the regulations and during the regular‐ and stringent‐regulation periods further highlighted the valuable impacts of emissions regulations, under different strategy and intensity scenarios, on the improvement of air quality. More intense emissions regulation will lead to a greater reduction in PM2.5 concentrations.

show abstract

A paradox for air pollution controlling in China revealed by “APEC Blue” and “Parade Blue”

Cited by 82 publications

References 63 publications

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Evaluating the Impact of Emissions Regulations on the Emissions Reduction During the 2015 China Victory Day Parade With an Ensemble Square Root Filter

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A paradox for air pollution controlling in China revealed by “APEC Blue” and “Parade Blue”

Cited by 82 publications

References 63 publications

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Evaluating the Impact of Emissions Regulations on the Emissions Reduction During the 2015 China Victory Day Parade With an Ensemble Square Root Filter

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River

Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO distribution along the Yangtze River