2012
DOI: 10.5465/amle.2011.0021
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A Paradoxical Leadership Model for Social Entrepreneurs: Challenges, Leadership Skills, and Pedagogical Tools for Managing Social and Commercial Demands

Abstract: Social enterprises offer the promise of financially sustainable organizations that can respond to the world's most pressing problems. Yet for social enterprises to succeed, their leaders must effectively manage conflicting demands that arise from dual commitments to improving social welfare and achieving commercial viability. While existing research highlights distinct skills for enabling social missions or for achieving business outcomes, we draw on paradox research to build theory about the challenges and as… Show more

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Cited by 257 publications
(260 citation statements)
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References 48 publications
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“…Moreover, in this study (Smith et al 2012), the authors present specific skills and pedagogical tools to develop these main skills based on award-winning social entrepreneurship development processes in the field and in classroom settings. The diverse skills noted in this research include mindfully attending to social and economic objectives is addressed, and direct social impact experience and mini-MBA program training are examples of pedagogical tools used to develop this skill.…”
Section: Literature Review Social Entrepreneurshipmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 3 more Smart Citations
“…Moreover, in this study (Smith et al 2012), the authors present specific skills and pedagogical tools to develop these main skills based on award-winning social entrepreneurship development processes in the field and in classroom settings. The diverse skills noted in this research include mindfully attending to social and economic objectives is addressed, and direct social impact experience and mini-MBA program training are examples of pedagogical tools used to develop this skill.…”
Section: Literature Review Social Entrepreneurshipmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In light of previous studies describing and explaining social entrepreneurs' behaviors and skills, Smith et al (2012) conducted a study based on paradox research in which they show that accepting, differentiating and integrating social and economic objectives are key leadership skills to be developed by social entrepreneurs. Moreover, in this study (Smith et al 2012), the authors present specific skills and pedagogical tools to develop these main skills based on award-winning social entrepreneurship development processes in the field and in classroom settings.…”
Section: Literature Review Social Entrepreneurshipmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…In relation to social entrepreneurs, Smith et al (2011) employed paradox theory to address leadership skills and pedagogical tools, developing theory about how leaders of social enterprises can cultivate skills for managing competing social and financial demands, such as the inherent conflicts between social and economic missions. Gravells (2012) examined the factors determining leadership success in UK social enterprises.…”
Section: Critique Of Prior Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%