A Patient With Mycobacteremia Due to Two Different Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Hill, Elizabeth E.; Wooten, Darcy

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac519

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in the environment, present in water, soil, and aerosols, and can cause infections in humans and aquatic animals (1)(2)(3)(4). NTM represent more than 190 species that can be classified as slow-growers including M. avium Complex (MAC), M. kansasii, and M. gordonae, and fastgrowers, such as M. abscessus complex, M. fortuitum, and M. chelonae, according to whether colonies formed within 7 days (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: Intraabdominal infection of Mycobacterium syngnathidarum in an immunocompetent patient confirmed by whole-genome sequencing

Ge,

Liang,

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe taxonomic group of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) encompasses more than 190 species and subspecies, some of which can cause pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases across various age groups in humans. However, different subspecies exhibit differential drug sensitivities, and traditional detection techniques struggle to accurately classify NTM. Therefore, clinicians need more effective detection methods to identify NTM subtypes, thus providing personalized medication for patients.Case presentationWe present the case of a 47-year-old female patient diagnosed with an intraabdominal infection caused by Mycobacterium syngnathidarum. Despite computed tomography of the chest suggesting potential tuberculosis, tuberculosis infection was ruled out due to negative TB-DNA results for ascites fluid and sputum and limited improvement of lung lesions after treatment. Additionally, acid-fast staining and Lowenstein–Jensen culture results revealed the presence of mycobacterium in ascites fluid. Subsequent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) confirmed the DNA sequences of Mycobacterium syngnathidarum in colonies isolated from the ascites fluid, which was further corroborated by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Ultimately, the patient achieved a complete recovery following the treatment regimen targeting Mycobacterium syngnathidarum, which involved clarithromycin, ethambutol hydrochloride, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, and isoniazid.ConclusionThis is the first reported case of Mycobacterium syngnathidarum infection in humans. Mycobacterium syngnathidarum was detected by WGS in this case, suggesting that WGS may serve as a high-resolution assay for the diagnosis of different subtypes of mycobacterium infection.

show abstract