A pavement-watering thermal model for SOLENE-microclimat: Development and evaluation

Abstract

In a dense urban area, pavement watering could be a solution to mitigate the Urban Heat Island. So far, mainly experimental studies have been used to evaluate watering techniques. In this study, a soil model dedicated to pavement watering has been developed within the urban climate model SOLENE-Microclimat. This watering model is presented and evaluated via a measurement campaign performed on an asphalt car park during warm days. The measurement campaign reveals that the surface cooling is mainly due to evaporation (80%). However, under warm conditions, the heat flux exchanged between the runoff water and the surface should also be modelled. Indeed, watering events are modelled through a runoff convective heat flux and a latent heat flux. The mean daily RMSE between estimated and observed surface temperature is 1.04 o C, 0.86 o C, 0.66 o C, 0.35 o C and 0.21 o C

A mixed POD–PGD approach to parametric thermal impervious soil modeling: Application to canyon streets

“…This error is independent of the reduced order model behavior itself but depends on the surface energy balance. As described in [23], This loss of accuracy due to the model order reduction remains less than 0.30˝C. The error is greater within the first few centimeters, close to the surface boundary condition, and then decreases with depth.…”

“…During a watering event, two heat fluxes are to be added to the previous ones: a runoff convective heat flux q w , and a latent heat flux q ℓ . The computational details of these two fluxes is described in [23]. The runoff convective heat flux is calculated from the amount of water sprinkled during each watering event.…”

Analysis of the heat budget of standard, cool and watered pavements under lab heat-wave conditions

“…Other methods also exist, such as pavement-watering (Hendel et al 2016, Kinouchi & Kanda 1997, Takahashi et al 2010, Yamagata et al 2008, Azam et al 2018, implemented for instance by the City of Paris since 2013 through experimental summer campaigns using the supply of the city's non-potable water network. The method was found to reduce the UTCI-equivalent temperature at pedestrian height up to 3°C during the day despite the increase in relative humidity up to a few percent (Hendel et al 2016, Parison et al 2020a).…”