A PDR-Based Scheduling Scheme for LTE-A Networks

Abstract

Carrier Aggregation (CA) technology is one of the enhancements keys which supports high bandwidth up to 100 MHz in Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) networks. CA technology has been developed by The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to serve mobile users with high data rate up to 1 Gbps for downlink and 500 Mbps for uplink. However, 3GPP has not defined a firm provision to handle scheduling process so that scheduling becomes an open issue. This paper proposes a novel scheduling algorithm based on Packet Drop Rate (PDR) and cooperative game theory mechanisms. In the first stage, the classes are classified based on the PDR including both Real-Time and Non Real-Time classes. In the second stage, the proposed algorithm forms a coalition between classes, allowing them to share bandwidth. Then, the available resources are distributed as a proportion among classes to guarantee the minimum requirements for high priority applications and give a chance to low priority applications to be served. The proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of throughput, delay, and fairness and compared with Proportional Fairness (PF) and Exponential-rule (EXP-rule) algorithms. The proposed scheme outperforms the other two comparative algorithms in terms of throughput, delay and fairness index.

Enhancement of Packet Delivery Ratio during Rain Attenuation for Long Range Technology

“…Data packet that is transmitted between the sender and receiver occasionally failed to reach its specific destination causes packet loss [7]. For high priority data [8], any packet loss requires retransmission and thus requires more energy.…”