Is my doctor good?" This is a question many of us have attempted to answer for family, friends, colleagues, and patients. Without intimate knowledge of that particular physician's practice, our answer is built on a combination of medical education, board certification, privileges, academic credentials, and "reputation." While this method of assessment may be reasonable, it leaves many of us to question how we actually measure competency.As with previous conflicts, the past nearly 2 decades of war have seen significant advances in combat casualty care to include damage control surgery, improved resuscitation strategies, systems-based practice, and movement of critically ill patients. 1 The US Department of Defense (DoD) has a mission to assure that all members of the combat casualty care team are always prepared for deployment and "ready" to practice in combat. On behalf of the nation and those who defend it, the DoD needs to ensure that its physicians can demonstrate proficiency in the critical knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) needed to care for those volunteering to serve. In a joint effort with the American College of Surgeons, the DoD has developed the Clinical Readiness Program (CRP) to answer the question "Is this physician 'ready' to deliver the relevant KSAs necessary to care for casualties?" [2][3][4] The CRP includes 4 key elements: (1) periodic assessment of knowledge aligned with a relevant curriculum; (2) assessment of key expeditionary procedural skills; (3) an appropriate train/retrain cycle focused on areas of need by the above assessments; and (4) development of a measurable "readiness" value of an individual physician's clinical practice when not deployed. 3,4 The latter may include partnering with civilian centers to provide continued exposure to the care of injured and ill patients to address the well-described decreasing surgical volumes in military hospitals. 2 This approach has been multidisciplinary by design, incorporating all physicians who care for combat patients including anesthesiologists, emergency medicine professionals, surgical specialists, and critical care physicians.Assessing clinical readiness through KSAs is a part of a multistep process designed to be both scalable and reproducible across medical specialties and is applicable to both military and civilian health care professionals alike. The process starts with defining a "Scope of Practice" followed by formulation of a KSA blueprint developed from Clinical Practice Guidelines, case records, and relevant literature. This blueprint has become the basis for the CRP to quantify and measure the perpetual currency and competency of the expeditionary physicians using the life-cycle approach (Figure).