A perspective on residual stresses in welding

De, A.; DebRoy, T.

doi:10.1179/136217111x12978476537783

Cited by 81 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…De and Debroy [2] reviewed extensively on modeling of welding residual stresses and mentioned the challenges in residual stress prediction using 3D finite element model and experiments. Eagar and Tsai [3] proposed an analytical method for predicting temperature fields produced by a moving distributed heat source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling, Prediction and Validation of Thermal Cycles, Residual Stresses and Distortion in Type 316 LN Stainless Steel Weld Joint made by TIG Welding Process

Ganesh¹,

Vasudevan²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 2014

Procedia Engineering

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In this research work, Finite Element Modeling (FEM) using SYSWELD was carried out to predict thermal cycles, residual stresses and distortion in type 316 LN stainless steel weld joint made by TIG welding process. The numerically predicted thermal cycles and temperature distribution were validated using Infrared (IR) Thermography. The model predictions of the surface and bulk residual stress profiles were validated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Ultrasonic Testing (UT) respectively. Distortion analysis was also performed and validated using digital height gauge measurement. IR thermography was found to be a good tool for validating the model predictions of the temperature distribution in the weld joint. There was good agreement between the model predictions and the experimentally observed values of temperature, residual stresses and distortion. Therefore, the numerical modeling in combination with non-destructive methods provides an efficient approach for predicting the effect of welding process on the weld attributes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling, Prediction and Validation of Thermal Cycles, Residual Stresses and Distortion in Type 316 LN Stainless Steel Weld Joint made by TIG Welding Process

Ganesh¹,

Vasudevan²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 2014

Procedia Engineering

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“…18 To predict the residual stresses in 26NiCrMoV10-10 steel welded structure accurately, the thermal physical properties, mechanical properties and metallurgical characteristics should be taken into account.…”

Section: Finite Element Simulation Of Surfacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of residual stresses in dissimilar steel surfacing layers during process of post-weld heat treatment

Wang

Lü

Gong

2013

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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Residual stress relaxation during post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is a thermodynamic process, which is affected not only by the heat treatment process, but also by the welding residual stress. In this study, the residual stresses in as welded and heat treated surfacing metal were measured using blind hole and X-ray method. The results reveal that the welding residual stresses are compressive at the surface of the weld and tensile at inner weld. However, after PWHT, the residual stresses at surface and inner weld change to the opposite state. Finite element simulations show that the differences of expansion coefficients between base metal and filler material are the main factor to the changes of stress state. The experimental results verify that the expansion coefficients of base metal and filler materials have been changed greatly after long soaking at high temperature.

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“…A predição das tensões residuais por métodos numéricos ganhou atenção dos engenheiros por ter baixo custo e ser relativamente rápidos. Como apontam De e Debroy [4], os métodos numéricos têm mostrado resultados bastante promissórios em soldagem, porém a simulação numérica muitas vezes apresenta resultados antagônicos e sempre uma validação experimental deve ser feita. Isto seria um motivo para se saber medir corretamente as tensões.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Preparação de Superfície para Medição de Tensões Residuais em Soldagem por DRX

2016

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Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que sem fins comerciais e que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Resumo: A característica típica do método de medição das tensões por Difração de Raio X (DRX) é que as medições ocorrem numa camada superficial. As chapas de aço vêm com superfícies alteradas (tensões residuais ou rugosidades inerentes ao material) por processos de laminação, limpeza (jateamento, esmerilhagem) e até por corrosão. Por isto, a preparação da superfície previamente à medição das tensões residuais é essencial, apesar de nem sempre ser observada ou haver procedimentos padronizados. A recomendação geral é remover uma camada micrométrica para não mascarar as tensões causadas pela soldagem. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado o uso de um processo eletrolítico portátil e mecanizado, para remoção de material em superfícies de chapas de aço ANBT 1020 e AISI 304. Estudou-se composições químicas para soluções eletrolíticas e a influência da corrente sobre a quantidade de material removido, tempo de remoção e temperatura durante o processo. Como resultado, encontrou-se soluções químicas e parâmetros não austeros que permitiram a remoção de cerca de 300 µm em um tempo razoável. Uma maior corrente reduz o tempo de remoção, mas aumenta o consumo da solução e temperatura da peça (que, por efeito colateral, poderia chegar a alterar a microestrutura ou gerar tensões térmicas). Além disso, foi demostrado a influência dos parâmetros de remoção sobre a operacionalidade do processo.Palavras-chave: Remoção eletrolítica; Medições de tensões residuais; Difração de Raios X. Surface Preparation for XRD Residual Stress MeasurementsAbstract: A characteristic feature of the X Ray Diffraction (XRD) method for stress determinationt is that measurements occur at a thin surface layer. Steel sheets come with surfaces modified by lamination, cleaning (sandblasting, grinding) and even corrosion, which induce residual stresses or roughness inherent to the material. Therefore, surface preparation prior to the residual stress measurement is essential, although no standard procedure seems to be available. A general recommendation is to remove a thin layer so that only residual stresses related to the welding process will be measured. In this study, the use of portable electrolytic equipment was evaluated for mechanized surface material removal. Chemical compositions of electrolytic solutions and the influence of current on the removed material, removal time and temperature during the process were studied. As a result, a suitable chemical solution for electroetching of low carbon steel was developed and a set of "soft" parameters that allowed the removal of about 300 um in a reasonable time was found. Higher currents reduce the removal time, yet increasing the consumption of the solution and plate temperature (which could adversely alter the microstructure or generate thermal ...

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A perspective on residual stresses in welding

Cited by 81 publications

References 121 publications

Modeling, Prediction and Validation of Thermal Cycles, Residual Stresses and Distortion in Type 316 LN Stainless Steel Weld Joint made by TIG Welding Process

Modeling, Prediction and Validation of Thermal Cycles, Residual Stresses and Distortion in Type 316 LN Stainless Steel Weld Joint made by TIG Welding Process

Evolution of residual stresses in dissimilar steel surfacing layers during process of post-weld heat treatment

Preparação de Superfície para Medição de Tensões Residuais em Soldagem por DRX

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