A Perspective Study on the RTK, PI3K, B‐Raf, CDK and the Multi‐Protein Targeting in Medicinal Chemistry

Abstract

The cellular signaling pathway components that control the different stages of cell maturation such as RTK, PI3K, B-Raf, and CDK represent crucial antitumor drug targets. The isoform diversity of these components revealed multi-divergent vents for cancer cells to develop several resistance mechanisms against these new selective drug targets. This review article illustrates the complex nature of cancer, moreover, molecular tracing of tumor resistance towards certain signaling pathways was presented. Several crucial interventions in this regard for antitumor agents' development were pointed out. The antitumor activities of several cancer chemotherapies targeting kinases were also discussed with a special focus on the structural bases for the design of protein kinase inhibitors. Additionally, a focused literature survey about the various targeted multi-kinase inhibition approaches as a mean to overcome cancer resistance was also included.

Digging into biochemical and signal transduction of old drugs: xanthines and their association to cancer

“…Despite the fact that no methylxanthine-based medications have received clinical approval for the treatment of cancer disorders to date, the exceptional biochemical manifestations of these chemicals stimulate ongoing research to develop more effective and selective anticancer prospects. [115]. μM of Zileuton (Figure 3) [118].…”

“…The further activities that are exerted by methylxanthine derivatives suggest the scaffold suitability to achieve multiprotein targeting with efficient poly pharmacology profile [115,121]. Furthermore, different design approaches were utilized to gain much more potencies against wide spectrum of malignancies.…”