A pH‐based experimental method for carbon dioxide exchange evaluation in cylindrical hollow fiber membrane oxygenators

Tabesh, Hadi; Gholami, Milad; Torabi, Dorsa; Mottaghy, K.

doi:10.1002/apj.2337

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The deviation of the CO 2 removal rate determined with porcine blood from that determined with water amounts to approximately 10%. This deviation agrees well with the data found in recent literature [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Based on the results of the in vivo and in vitro tests, the CFD CO 2 transport simulations were validated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The suitability of water for prediction of the CO 2 removal of oxygenators is only discussed in the scope of the proposed conversion of water to blood data. Tabesh et al [ 20 ] determined the CO 2 removal rate of oxygenators via in vitro tests with porcine blood and water. To reduce the difference between the two CO 2 removal rates of blood and water, N 2 was blended into the saturation stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water as a Blood Model for Determination of CO2 Removal Performance of Membrane Oxygenators

et al. 2021

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CO2 removal via membrane oxygenators has become an important and reliable clinical technique. Nevertheless, oxygenators must be further optimized to increase CO2 removal performance and to reduce severe side effects. Here, in vitro tests with water can significantly reduce costs and effort during development. However, they must be able to reasonably represent the CO2 removal performance observed with blood. In this study, the deviation between the CO2 removal rate determined in vivo with porcine blood from that determined in vitro with water is quantified. The magnitude of this deviation (approx. 10%) is consistent with results reported in the literature. To better understand the remaining difference in CO2 removal rate and in order to assess the application limits of in vitro water tests, CFD simulations were conducted. They allow to quantify and investigate the influences of the differing fluid properties of blood and water on the CO2 removal rate. The CFD results indicate that the main CO2 transport resistance, the diffusional boundary layer, behaves generally differently in blood and water. Hence, studies of the CO2 boundary layer should be preferably conducted with blood. In contrast, water tests can be considered suitable for reliable determination of the total CO2 removal performance of oxygenators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water as a Blood Model for Determination of CO2 Removal Performance of Membrane Oxygenators

et al. 2021

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“…Hollow‐fiber membranes are arranged in the intermediate space of those cylinders. The porosity of module ( ε mod ) is defined as the ratio of residual volume to total module volume and consequently equals the following 2,42

ε_{\mod} = 1 - N_{hf} \cdot \frac{{d_{hf}^{out}}^{2}}{((), {d_{italicmod}^{italicout}}^{2} - {d_{italicmod}^{italicin}}^{2}) \cdot \cos θ}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The porosity of module (ε mod ) is defined as the ratio of residual volume to total module volume and consequently equals the following. 2,42…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico simulation of the liquid phase pressure drop through cylindrical hollow‐fiber membrane oxygenators using a modified phenomenological model

Tabesh

Rafiei

Mottaghy

2021

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Low blood pressure drop is an important performance characteristic of a hollow‐fiber membrane oxygenator (HFMO). While the application of natural blood corresponds to complex handling procedures, the in vitro investigation of liquid pressure drop is mainly done using water or similar fluids (e.g., normal saline solution [NSS]). In this study, a comprehensive phenomenological model has been proposed to predict the liquid pressure drop through a cylindrical HFMO, considering viscous and inertial resistances in porous media, derived from literature. The results demonstrate that approaches based on Darcy–Weisbach phenomenological equation correlate the most with in vitro experimental investigations using NSS and native porcine blood, in both pediatric and adult commercially available cylindrical HFMOs. Remarkably, this study corroborates theoretically and experimentally that approaches based on Ergun semi‐empirical equation fail to predict the liquid pressure drop in cylindrical HFMOs. Moreover, it is shown that the presented phenomenological model is also applicable to cylindrical hollow‐fiber heat exchangers, and subsequently, its noticeable effect on total liquid pressure drop through cylindrical HFMOs is demonstrated. The results reveal that this component may contribute to almost half of total blood pressure drop, and therefore, it should be redesigned using other approaches than hollow fibers.

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“…A cylindrical hollow-fber membrane contactor was designed and fabricated in our laboratory, as indicated in our previous publication [38], with some modifcations. Mats of Oxyphan ® hollow fber membranes (Membrana AG, Germany) with custom-made length were ordered.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Hfmcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sweeping Media and Temperature on Aqueous CO2 Removal Using Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor (HFMC): An Experimental Determination

Tabesh

Gholami

Marefat

2023

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Transport phenomena through hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) indicate the exchange of a component between the two phases, inside and outside of hollow fibers. In this research, we designed and fabricated lab-made HFMCs to assess the difference between water and air as sweeping media for CO2 exchange. The effects of flow rates and temperature ratios on aqueous CO2 absorption were investigated accordingly. A semiclosed circuit incorporating our fabricated HFMCs was set up to regulate the operating parameters and evaluate the aqueous CO2 concentration using an initiative pH-based method. The results of our experiments remarkably reveal that air tends to remove aqueous CO2 more than water when aqueous CO2 concentration is higher than 3.53 × 10−6 mlCO2/l. However, water would surpass air in lower concentrations. Nevertheless, tripling the flow rate of sweeping media from 500 to 1500 ml/min shifts up this cutoff point 50 times to around 1.66 × 10−4 mlCO2/l. The experiments performed at three different temperature ratios of 22 : 22, 44 : 12, and 22 : 12°C (CO2-rich liquid: sweeping medium) demonstrated that a higher temperature gradient deteriorates the CO2 absorption capacity of sweeping media. Nonetheless, temperature gradient becomes highly effective in aqueous CO2 concentrations lower than 1.57 × 10−6 CO2/l. The results of this research could be applied in performance optimization of aqueous CO2 absorbing HFMCs, even in sophisticated medical procedures such as arterio-venous and veno-venous CO2 removal systems where both water and air could be used as blood’s CO2 sweeping media.

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A pH‐based experimental method for carbon dioxide exchange evaluation in cylindrical hollow fiber membrane oxygenators

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Water as a Blood Model for Determination of CO2 Removal Performance of Membrane Oxygenators

Water as a Blood Model for Determination of CO2 Removal Performance of Membrane Oxygenators

In silico simulation of the liquid phase pressure drop through cylindrical hollow‐fiber membrane oxygenators using a modified phenomenological model

The Effect of Sweeping Media and Temperature on Aqueous CO2 Removal Using Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor (HFMC): An Experimental Determination

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