A pH-response multifunctional nanoplatform based on NaGdF4:Yb,Er,Fe@Ce6@mSiO2-DOX for synergistic photodynamic/chemotherapy of cancer cells

NaGdF4:Yb,Er@ZIF‐8/MnO2 for photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants and pathogenic bacteria

“…When excited by 980 nm NIR light with a power of 5 W·cm −2 , the UCNPs exhibit a distinct green fluorescence. The emission peaks observed at 411, 530, 543, and 660 nm correspond to the 2 H 9/2 ‐ 4 I 15/2 , 2 H 11/2 ‐ 4 I 15/2 , 4 S 3/2 ‐ 4 I 15/2 , and 4 F 9/2 ‐ 4 I 15/2 transitions of Er 3+ ions, respectively 33,44 . The green fluorescence intensity of UCZ and UCZM decreases gradually compared to that of the UCNPs, but the emission peak of Er 3+ ions is still present.…”

“…These vibrations correspond, in turn, to asymmetric, symmetric, “scissor swing,” and “wobble” vibrations of CH bonds. Moreover, the distinct peak at 1570 cm −1 symbolizes the stretching vibration of the carboxyl group (COO) within the alkyl chain 33 . Moving to UCZ, a broad peak at 3400 cm −1 signifies the OH stretching region.…”

“…Moreover, the distinct peak at 1570 cm À1 symbolizes the stretching vibration of the carboxyl group ( COO ) within the alkyl chain. 33 Moving to UCZ, a broad peak at 3400 cm À1 signifies the O H stretching region. Characteristic peaks noticeable at 1587, 2930, and 3135 cm À1 match C N stretching, aliphatic C H stretching, and aromatic C H stretching, respectively.…”

“…ions, respectively. 33,44 The green fluorescence intensity of UCZ and UCZM decreases gradually compared to that of the UCNPs, but the emission peak of Er 3+ ions is still present. Upon loading MnO 2 particles, the total emission intensity of UCZM in the visible range is further reduced in comparison to UCZ, which indicates that the fluorescence emission energy is transferred or absorbed by UCZ and UCZM; this is because when ZIF-8 and MnO 2 are complexed with UCNPs, the irradiative energy transfer of Er 3+ ions is efficiently quenched, which is attributed to the energy transfer between them.…”

Morphology controlled synthesis of Fe3+-doped upconversion nanomaterials

“…12 An et al and Zhao et al also employed a hydrothermal method to synthesize Fe 3+ -doped nanocrystals using NaYF 4 and NaGdF 4 as substrates, but both encountered issues with wide size distributions and poor morphology uniformity. 17,18 Ramasamy et al used a thermal decomposition method to synthesize NaGdF 4 : Yb, Er, Fe nanocrystals. This approach yielded uneven size distributions and spherical and elliptical morphologies.…”