A Pharmacological Review of Bioactive Constituents ofPaeonia lactifloraPallas andPaeonia veitchiiLynch

Abstract

The roots of two peony species, Paeonia lactiflora Pallas and Paeonia veitchii Lynch are routinely referred to as either chishao () or baishao (). This paper reviews the botanical origins and traditional medicinal usage of each species, as well as pharmacological like activity of their constituents. A search of herbal pharmacological encyclopaedia, PubChem and PubMed databases identified their known constituents. The biological data for these constituents were evaluated and classified according to pharmacological-like activity, with emphasis on compounds of greatest concentration and bioavailability. It was found that P. lactiflora and P. veitchii have some common compounds; however, their phytochemical bioavailability varies. Furthermore, a larger number of compounds have been identified in P. lactiflora. These have greater potential for antiinflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial and antioxidant therapeutic activity compared with P. veitchii. However, evidence indicates both species are similarly indicated for antiviral and glycaemic activity. Major compounds of each are classified as flavonoids, hydrolysable tannins (polyphenols) and monoterpene glycosides. The evidence suggests both species, when administered in entire botanical form, have an excellent safety profile; however, constituent toxicity risk evidence is limited, requiring further investigation. Although experiments show many compounds have biological activity, further investigation of their therapeutic potential is needed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Antiviral Properties of the Natural Polyphenols Delphinidin and Epigallocatechin Gallate against the Flaviviruses West Nile Virus, Zika Virus, and Dengue Virus

“…Polyphenolic compounds from plant extracts possess many beneficial properties; including antiviral activities (Hsu, 2015; Parker et al, 2016; Yang et al, 2016). In this study, we have explored the in vitro antiviral capacity of different polyphenols, and shown that EGC, EGCG, and D inhibit WNV infection, and that the last two also inhibit DENV and ZIKV.…”

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“…Paeoniae Radix Rubra (RPR, Chishao) is the naturally dried root of P. lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch (Parker et al, ). In Japanese Pharmacopoeia, Paeoniae Radix is described as the root of P. lactiflora Pall.…”

“…It also inhibited inflammatory pain via modulation of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate in the brain cortex and reduced related cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐12, and IL‐17 (Dai et al, ; Sun et al, ; Xu et al, ). Paeoniflorin upregulated apoptosis of MGC‐803 human gastric carcinoma cells and HT29 human colorectal cancer cells (Chen, Lee, et al, ; Parker et al, ; Zheng et al, ). It inhibited proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of MCF‐7/MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cells and human A549 lung cancer cells (Parker et al, ; Zhang, Yuan, Cui, Xiao, & Jiang, ; Zhou, Wang, Song, & Hu, ).…”

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