“…In order to promote a regulatory response to the PIC19-A3 autoantigen we employed the CE-marked MJ600 device to target skin DCs whilst minimising the trauma of intradermal delivery and any ensuing cutaneous inflammation (Mutyambizi et al, 2009). The device has three hollow silicon MNs of 600μm length and has been used extensively in clinical studies to deliver a range of macromolecular formulations including insulin (Kochba et al, 2016), varicella zoster (Beals et al, 2016), polio (Anand et al, 2015;Troy et al, 2015) and seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines (Della Cioppa et al, 2014;Hung et al, 2012a;Hung et al, 2012b;Levin et al, 2014;Levin et al, 2016;Van Damme et al, 2009). However, whilst there are a number of publications showing successful therapeutic readouts upon use of hollow MNs, there is a paucity of information related to the behaviour of injected materials in the local environment and how formulation or physicochemical drug properties influence distribution and retention in situ (Mansoor et al, 2015).…”