A phase-field model is developed to investigate the influence
of
microstructure, thermodynamic and kinetic properties, and charging
conditions on charged particle transport in nanocomposite electrodes.
Two sets of field variables are used to describe the microstructure.
One is comprised of the order parameters describing size, orientation,
and spatial distributions of nanoparticles, and the other is comprised
of the concentrations of mobile species. A porous nanoparticle microstructure
filled with electrolyte is taken as a model system to test the phase-field
model. Inhomogeneous and anisotropic dielectric constants and mobilities
of charged particles, and stresses associated with lattice deformation
due to Li-ion insertion/extraction, are considered in the model. Iteration
methods are used to find the elastic and electric fields in an elastically
and electrically inhomogeneous medium. The results demonstrate that
the model is capable of predicting charge separation associated with
the formation of a double layer at the electrochemical interface between
solid and electrolyte, and the effect of microstructure, inhomogeneous
and anisotropic thermodynamic and kinetic properties, charge rates,
and stresses on voltage versus current density and capacity during
charging and discharging.