A phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of ricefishes, Oryzias and relatives (Beloniformes, Adrianichthyidae)

Abstract

Ricefishes, known best by the model organism, the medaka, Oryzias latipes Temminck & Schlegel, 1846, comprise the family Adrianichthyidae, which ranges broadly throughout fresh and brackish waters of Central, South and Southeast Asia and the Indo-Malay-Philippines Archipelago as far east as Timor. Twenty-eight Recent species are recognized here in two monophyletic genera, Adrianichthys and Oryzias. Xenopoecilus and Horaichthys are placed in synonymy of Oryzias for the first time. Adrianichthys comprises four species from Lake Poso, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Oryzias comprises 24 species that live throughout the range of the family. A fossil genus and species, †Lithopoecilus brouweri from the Miocene of central Sulawesi, is included tentatively in the Adrianichthyidae. Evidence for the sister group relationship of adrianichthyids and exocoetoids is reviewed briefly and that relationship corroborated. Monophyly of adrianichthyids is likewise strongly supported here. Species groups within Oryzias are diagnosed as monophyletic largely based on osteology, colour pattern and meristic variation. They correspond only in part to species groups previously recognized based on chromosome constitution. Miniature species do not comprise a monophyletic group; disjunct absolute size in close relatives has evolved repeatedly. Oryzias latipes is a member of a species complex that includes O. luzonensis, O. curvinotus and the miniatures O. sinensis and O. mekongensis. A new species, Oryzias bonneorum sp. nov.

Fishes of Inland Waters of the Phu Quoc Island, Gulf of Thailand, Vietnam: Ichthyofauna Structure and Some Remarks on the Majorevolutionary Trends in its Genesis

“…The identification of the fish species at ZMMU was based on the criteria developed for fishes occurring in neighbouring mainland water systems by Smith (1945) and Rainboth (1996), for gobiid fish by Koumans (1953) and Larson and Murdy (2001), for cobitid fish by Kottelat and Lim (1993), for balitorid fish by Kottelat (1990), for clariid fish by Ng and Kottelat (2008) and Ng et al (2011), for ambassid fish by Allen (1999), for atherinid fish by Ivantsoff and Crowley (1999), for mugilid fish by Harrison and Senou (1999), for haemulid and sillaginid fish by McKay (1999McKay ( , 2001, for clupeid fish by Munroe et al (1999), for lutjanid fish by Anderson and Allen (2001), for tetraodontid fish by Matsuura (2001), for teraponid fish by Vari (2001), for labrid fish by Westneat (2001), for gerreid and siganid fish by Woodland (2001а, 2001b, for sphyraenid fish by Doiuchi and Nakabo (2005), for ricefishes of the genus Oryzias by Parenti (2008), and for species of the genus Nandus-by Ng et al (1996) and Chakrabarty et al (2006). Additional information was obtained from Koumans (1940), Masuda et al (1984), and Polgar (unpublished *** )-for gobiid fishes, and from Kottelat (2001) and Vidthayanon (2008)-for a number freshwater species.…”

“…Diagnosis: 33-38 midlateral scales; 17-19 predorsal scales; 11 or more anal-fin soft rays; more than 21 gill rakers on lower part of first gill arch; preopercle with notch on anterior edge; ascending process of premaxilla short and broad, its lateral process broad and flat; anus in front of pelvic fin tip; origin of second dorsal fin usually behind tips of pelvic fins. ORDER BELONIFORMES (needlefishes) FAMILY ADRIANICHTHYIDAE (adrianichthyids) Oryzias javanicus (Bleeker, 1854) (Javanese ricefish) Distribution: Fresh-and brackish waters; AsiaIndonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand; recorded from the Mekong River (Parenti 2008); Phu Quoc: several sites with brackish water in different parts of the island (# 1, 36, 37-39, 46). Specimens: n = 32; 24-31 mm TL.…”

A New, Remarkably Colorful, Small Ricefish of the Genus Oryzias (Beloniformes, Adrianichthyidae) from Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…Twelve ricefish species have been described during the past two decades from China (Chen et al, 1989), southeast Asia (Roberts, 1998), and Sulawesi (Kottelat, 1990a(Kottelat, , 1990bParenti and Soeroto, 2004;Parenti, 2008). It was no surprise that collections made in September 2007 from Sulawesi included an undescribed, endemic ricefish species.…”

“…Sixteen of the 17 recognized species of the atheriniform family Telmatherinidae are endemic to Sulawesi (Saeed and Ivantsoff, 1991;Kottelat et al, 1993;Herder et al, 2006). Among beloniforms, nine of the 16 recognized species of the zenarchopterid genus Nomorhamphus (Meisner, 2001;Collette, 2004) and 13 of the 29 known Recent adrianichthyids or ricefishes, including the new species described herein (Parenti, 2008), are Sulawesi endemics.…”

“…Sulawesi holds the record for the world's largest python (Python reticulatus at over 10 m; Whitten et al, 1987) and the world's largest ricefish (the endemic Adrianichthys poptae at just under 200 mm SL; Parenti, 2008) and is also home to the endemic dwarf-buffalo (Bubalus depressicornis, known locally as Anoa; Whitten et al, 1987). Endemism of freshwater fishes is particularly well documented among the atherinomorph orders Atheriniformes and Beloniformes.…”