A phylogenetic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from <i>rbc</i><i>L</i> nucleotide sequences

Cameron, Kenneth M.; Chase, Mark W.; Whitten, W. Mark; Kores, Paul J.; Jarrell, David C.; Albert, Victor A.; Yukawa, Tomohisa; Hills, Harold G.; Goldman, Douglas H.

doi:10.2307/2656938

Cited by 310 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Similarly, Mark Chase (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) pointed out during a discussion at the meeting that molecular phylogenetic trees of Orchidaceae (e.g. Cameron et al 1999;Whitten et al 2000; Van den Berg et al 2004) show clear continental geographical structure, but whether this is consistent with continental vicariance also needs testing by dating these phylogenetic trees.…”

Section: Studies Of Major Families and Life Forms: Long-distance Dispmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction and synthesis: plant phylogeny and the origin of major biomes

Pennington

Cronk

Richardson³

2004

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Phylogenetic trees based upon DNA sequence data, when calibrated with a dimension of time, allow inference of: (i) the pattern of accumulation of lineages through time; (ii) the time of origin of monophyletic groups; (iii) when lineages arrived in different geographical areas; (iv) the time of origin of biome-specific morphologies. This gives a powerful new view of the history of biomes that in many cases is not provided by the incomplete plant fossil record. Dated plant phylogenies for angiosperm families such as Leguminosae (Fabaceae), Melastomataceae sensu stricto, Annonaceae and Rhamnaceae indicate that long-distance, transoceanic dispersal has played an important role in shaping their distributions, and that this can obscure any effect of tectonic history, previously assumed to have been the major cause of their biogeographic patterns. Dispersal from other continents has also been i mportant in the assembly of the Amazonian rainforest flora and the Australian flora. Comparison of dated biogeographic patterns of plants and animals suggests that recent long-distance dispersal might be more prevalent in plants, which has major implications for community assembly and coevolution. Dated plant phylogenies also reveal the role of past environmental changes on the evolution of lineages in species-rich biomes, and show that recent Plio-Pleistocene diversification has contributed substantially to their current species richness. Because of the critical role of fossils and morphological characters in assigning ages to nodes in phylogenetic trees, future studies must include careful morphological consideration of fossils and their extant relatives in a phylogenetic context. Ideal study systems will be based upon DNA sequence data from multiple loci and multiple fossil calibrations. This allows cross-validation both of age estimates from different loci, and from different fossil calibrations. For a more complete view of biome history, future studies should emphasize full taxon sampling in ecologically important groups, and should focus on geographical areas for which few species-level phylogenies are available, such as tropical Africa and Asia. These studies are urgent because understanding the history of biomes can both inform conservation decisions, and help predict the effects of future environmental changes at a time when biodiversity is being impacted on an unprecedented scale.

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Section: Studies Of Major Families and Life Forms: Long-distance Dispmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction and synthesis: plant phylogeny and the origin of major biomes

Pennington

Cronk

Richardson³

2004

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…Posição sistemática das Orchidaceae terrestres encontradas no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Vanilloideae e Orchidoideae segundo sistema de Pridgeon et al (2001;; Epidendroideae segundo Dressler (1993), com modificações sugeridas por Cameron et al (1999) Espécie citada para o litoral e planalto do Paraná (Schlechter 1920;Pabst & Dungs 1975 Espécie bastante comum nas dunas e campos arenosos do litoral norte, sendo também encontrada em butiazais, onde às vezes ocorre como epífita, e na borda de florestas da restinga arenosa. Espécie aparentemente ruderal, comum em barrancos de beira de estrada.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Na sinonímia foram incluídos apenas os nomes citados para o Rio Grande do Sul. A circunscrição aceita neste trabalho para os gêneros e categorias superiores segue Pridgeon et al (2001; e Dressler (1993), modificado a partir de Cameron et al (1999). Foram elaboradas chaves para a identificação dos gêneros e espécies, quando pertinente.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Representantes tipicamente terrestres são encontrados nas cinco subfamílias atualmente reconhecidas (Dressler, 1993;Cameron et al 1999), apresentando um padrão de distribuição diferente do encontrado em táxons epifíticos. Enquanto as espécies epifíticas são restritas aos trópicos e subtrópicos, as espécies terrestres apresentam distribuição muito mais ampla, ocorrendo em formações florestais, campestres e palustres, em regiões estacionais e temperadas (Dressler 1981).…”

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Sinopse das Orchidaceae terrestres ocorrentes no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Rocha

Waechter

2006

Acta Bot. Bras.

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RESUMO -(Sinopse das Orchidaceae terrestres ocorrentes no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). Realizou-se estudo taxonômico de Orchidaceae terrestres em uma região natural do Rio Grande do Sul, o litoral norte, entre a encosta abrupta da Serra Geral e a linha da costa do Oceano Atlântico (29°10'S a 30°00'S). A área de estudo apresenta clima subtropical úmido do tipo Cfa. Médias anuais de temperatura e precipitação variam de 17,5 a 20,0 °C e de 1.200 a 1.700 mm, respectivamente. A vegetação natural, embora grandemente reduzida e modificada por atividades humanas, é fortemente relacionada às pequenas variações topográficas que afetam a drenagem dos solos. Um total de 42 espécies, incluindo duas novas ocorrências para o Estado, distribuídas em 24 gêneros, foi confirmado como resultado de citações bibliográficas, revisão de herbários e coleta extensiva ao longo da área de estudo. A maioria dos gêneros (17) apresenta uma única espécie, e somente um gênero (Habenaria) concentrou número alto de espécies (8). Os resultados taxonômicos incluem uma nova combinação taxonômica, chaves de identificação para gêneros e espécies, observações taxonômicas e ecológicas, e material examinado. Palavras-chave: Orchidaceae, vegetação litorânea, taxonomia, Rio Grande do Sul, BrasilABSTRACT -(Synopsis of terrestrial Orchidaceae from the north coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). A taxonomic survey of terrestrial Orchidaceae from the northern coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul was carried out. This region lies between the steep slopes of the Serra Geral and the Atlantic Ocean (29°10'S; 30°00'S). The study area has a moist subtropical Cfa-type climate. Mean annual temperatures vary from 17.5 to 20.0 °C, and precipitation varies from 1,200 to 1,700 mm. The natural vegetation is closely associated with small-scale topographic variation, which in turn affects soil drainage. It has been greatly reduced and modified by human activities. A total of 42 species belonging to 24 genera were identified based on the literature, herbarium specimens and extensive collecting throughout the study area. Two species are cited for the first time in Rio Grande do Sul. Many genera (17) were represented by a single species, while only one genus (Habenaria) had a relatively high number of species (8). Results include a new taxonomic combination, identification keys for genera and species, taxonomic and ecological observations, and citation of herbarium vouchers.

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“…The latter were based on a phylogeny of the 19 study species (table 1) obtained from existing phylogenetic trees (Cameron et al 1999;Bateman et al 2003) trimmed to include just the 19 species of interest. Branch lengths were assigned according to Pagel's arbitrary method (Pagel 1992).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doing the twist: a test of Darwin's cross-pollination hypothesis for pollinarium reconfiguration

Peter

Johnson

2005

Biol. Lett.

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Mating success in plants depends largely on the efficiency of pollen dispersal. For hermaphrodite plants, self-pollination, either within or among flowers, can reduce mating opportunities because of pollen and ovule discounting and inbreeding depression. Self-pollination may be particularly detrimental in plants such as orchids and asclepiads that package each flower's pollen into one or more pollinia which, together with accessory structures, comprise a pollinarium. Darwin proposed that physical reconfiguration of pollinaria serves as a mechanism for reducing the likelihood of self-pollination. To be effective, the time taken for pollinarium reconfiguration would need to exceed that spent by a pollinator on a plant. We investigated pollinarium reconfiguration (including pollinarium bending, pollinium shrinking and anther cap retention) in 19 species and found a strong positive relationship between reconfiguration time and the duration of pollinator visits. Reconfiguration times were also consistently longer than pollinator visit times. These results provide strong support for Darwin's idea that this mechanism promotes cross-pollination.

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A phylogenetic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences

Cited by 310 publications

References 29 publications

Introduction and synthesis: plant phylogeny and the origin of major biomes

Introduction and synthesis: plant phylogeny and the origin of major biomes

Sinopse das Orchidaceae terrestres ocorrentes no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Doing the twist: a test of Darwin's cross-pollination hypothesis for pollinarium reconfiguration

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