A phylogeny of Diprotodontia (Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes

Meredith, Robert W.; Westerman, Michael; Springer, Mark S.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.02.009

Cited by 106 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…This coincides with when the mycophagy specialist Potoroidae diverged from the Macropodidae, a group that includes kangaroos and wallabies (16 million years ago; Meredith et al 2009). The presence of specialist spore dispersers may have supported an increased diversity of sequestrate fungi; however, that cannot be determined from these data.…”

Section: Mycophagymentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This floristic diversification potentially promoted sequestration through provision of ectomycorrhizal hosts in the dry or seasonally dry habitats thought to benefit sequestrate morphologies. The floristic changes that occurred during the mid-Miocene, including the expansion of sclerophyll forest and grasslands, enabled the radiation of terrestrial marsupials such as kangaroos and wallabies and, thus, improved the spore-dispersal potential for sequestrate fungi (Meredith et al 2009). Additionally, marsupials highly specialised for mycophagy, such as potoroids, and which currently consume sequestrate fungi in particular, emerged c. 16 million years ago (Claridge and May 1994;Meredith et al 2009;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dating the emergence of truffle-like fungi in Australia, by using an augmented meta-analysis

Sheedy

Ryberg

Lebel

et al. 2016

Aust. Systematic Bot.

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Abstract. Australia supports a high diversity of sequestrate (truffle-like) macrofungi. This has long been thought to be related to the predominantly or seasonally dry climate. The present study posits that if aridity were a key factor in the evolution of sequestrate fruit-bodies, most sequestrate species would have emerged in Australia only after it began to aridify, which occurred post-separation with Antarctica (c. 32 million years ago). Focusing on the high phylogenetic diversity of sequestrate taxa in the Agaricomycetes in Australia, dates of sequestrate nodes were compiled directly from published phylogenies (four lineages) or created using sequences available on GenBank that were processed in BEAST using a secondary calibration method (nine lineages). Although the morphologically diverse Hysterangiales was found to be the first group to become sequestrate, c. 83 million years ago, overall sequestration in Australia occurred more recently. Models were created and compared and support was found for an increased rate of sequestration in Australia at some point between 34 and 13 million years ago (during the Oligocene and Miocene). Although the rate of sequestration is shown to have increased in Australia after separation from Antarctica, the timing also overlaps with the radiation of potential mycorrhizal plant associates, and the emergence of specialised mycophagous marsupials. Although aridification is evidently not the sole driver of sequestration, it is still likely to have had a major influence on the diversity of sequestrate fungi in Australia. Comparisons with other regions of high sequestrate diversity will be informative.

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Section: Mycophagymentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating the emergence of truffle-like fungi in Australia, by using an augmented meta-analysis

Sheedy

Ryberg

Lebel

et al. 2016

Aust. Systematic Bot.

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“…Particularly contentious has been the early branching pattern within Metatheria. For example, it is unclear whether Paucituberculata or Didelphimorphia are the sister group to the remaining marsupials (Meredith, Westerman & Springer, 2009). Furthermore, the phylogenetic position of the enigmatic Microbiotheria, represented by only one American species ‘monito del monte’ ( Dromiciops gliroides ), differs among studies (Springer et al, 1998; Burk et al, 1999; Amrine-Madsen et al, 2003; Nilsson et al, 2003; Nilsson et al, 2004), but is usually placed among the Australasian marsupials, implying a biogeographical history that is not straightforward to interpret.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammals from ‘down under’: a multi-gene species-level phylogeny of marsupial mammals (Mammalia, Metatheria)

May‐Collado

Kilpatrick

Agnarsson

2015

PeerJ

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Marsupials or metatherians are a group of mammals that are distinct in giving birth to young at early stages of development and in having a prolonged investment in lactation. The group consists of nearly 350 extant species, including kangaroos, koala, possums, and their relatives. Marsupials are an old lineage thought to have diverged from early therian mammals some 160 million years ago in the Jurassic, and have a remarkable evolutionary and biogeographical history, with extant species restricted to the Americas, mostly South America, and to Australasia. Although the group has been the subject of decades of phylogenetic research, the marsupial tree of life remains controversial, with most studies focusing on only a fraction of the species diversity within the infraclass. Here we present the first Methaterian species-level phylogeny to include 80% of the extant marsupial species and five nuclear and five mitochondrial markers obtained from Genbank and a recently published retroposon matrix. Our primary goal is to provide a summary phylogeny that will serve as a tool for comparative research. We evaluate the extent to which the phylogeny recovers current phylogenetic knowledge based on the recovery of “benchmark clades” from prior studies—unambiguously supported key clades and undisputed traditional taxonomic groups. The Bayesian phylogenetic analyses recovered nearly all benchmark clades but failed to find support for the suborder Phalagiformes. The most significant difference with previous published topologies is the support for Australidelphia as a group containing Microbiotheriidae, nested within American marsupials. However, a likelihood ratio test shows that alternative topologies with monophyletic Australidelphia and Ameridelphia are not significantly different than the preferred tree. Although further data are needed to solidify understanding of Methateria phylogeny, the new phylogenetic hypothesis provided here offers a well resolved and detailed tool for comparative analyses, covering the majority of the known species richness of the group.

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“…The 2n = 22 chromosome complement is common amongst marsupials; however, the arrangement of the 18 conserved autosomal segments is not the same between 2n = 22 species from different families [6,17], weakening the argument for it being the ancestral chromosome number. If the marsupial ancestor had a 2n = 22 chromosome complement, it would probably resemble karyotypes of members of Family Didelphidae with 22 chromosomes, since the American marsupials are at the base of the marsupial phylogenetic tree [13,18]. The strongest evidence for the higher ancestral number is the presence of interstitial telomere signals in members of Didelphidae with 2n = 18 or 2n = 14 karyotypes, suggesting that lower diploid number karyotypes were derived by chromosome fusions, ultimately leading to the 2n = 14 karyotype commonly found amongst marsupials, and recognised as the basal karyotype of Australidelphia [12,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of the ancestral marsupial karyotype from comparative gene maps

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe increasing number of assembled mammalian genomes makes it possible to compare genome organisation across mammalian lineages and reconstruct chromosomes of the ancestral marsupial and therian (marsupial and eutherian) mammals. However, the reconstruction of ancestral genomes requires genome assemblies to be anchored to chromosomes. The recently sequenced tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) genome was assembled into over 300,000 contigs. We previously devised an efficient strategy for mapping large evolutionarily conserved blocks in non-model mammals, and applied this to determine the arrangement of conserved blocks on all wallaby chromosomes, thereby permitting comparative maps to be constructed and resolve the long debated issue between a 2n = 14 and 2n = 22 ancestral marsupial karyotype.ResultsWe identified large blocks of genes conserved between human and opossum, and mapped genes corresponding to the ends of these blocks by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A total of 242 genes was assigned to wallaby chromosomes in the present study, bringing the total number of genes mapped to 554 and making it the most densely cytogenetically mapped marsupial genome. We used these gene assignments to construct comparative maps between wallaby and opossum, which uncovered many intrachromosomal rearrangements, particularly for genes found on wallaby chromosomes X and 3. Expanding comparisons to include chicken and human permitted the putative ancestral marsupial (2n = 14) and therian mammal (2n = 19) karyotypes to be reconstructed.ConclusionsOur physical mapping data for the tammar wallaby has uncovered the events shaping marsupial genomes and enabled us to predict the ancestral marsupial karyotype, supporting a 2n = 14 ancestor. Futhermore, our predicted therian ancestral karyotype has helped to understand the evolution of the ancestral eutherian genome.

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A phylogeny of Diprotodontia (Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes

Cited by 106 publications

References 92 publications

Dating the emergence of truffle-like fungi in Australia, by using an augmented meta-analysis

Dating the emergence of truffle-like fungi in Australia, by using an augmented meta-analysis

Mammals from ‘down under’: a multi-gene species-level phylogeny of marsupial mammals (Mammalia, Metatheria)

Reconstruction of the ancestral marsupial karyotype from comparative gene maps

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