A Physician's Perspective on the Incorporation of Pictograms as a Supplement to Medical Instructions in Chile: A Pilot Study

Figueroa, Rosa L.; Taramasco, Carla; Flores, Christopher; Ortiz, Lourdes Pérez; Vásquez-Venegas, C.; F., Patricio Salas; Zeng-Treilter, Q.

doi:10.1016/j.irbm.2022.04.001

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, understanding the contents and instructions of these foreign medicine packages and leaflets can often pose a significant challenge, particularly when they are not available in one's native language (Tesfamariam et al, 2019). Therefore, the use of pictograms has gained attention as a potential solution to enhance comprehension and at the same time, ensure the safe usage of medicines (Figueroa et al, 2023;Nualdaisri et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and perception of pictograms in improving understanding of foreign medicine packages and leaflets among Malaysians

John Siew Shia,

Nurul Athirah,

Mohamed Razeef

et al. 2024

IJELHE

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Access to foreign medicines is now more prevalent due to globalization and international travel. However, understanding the labels and content of these medications can be challenging due to the language barrier. Pictograms are visual representations of words or phrases, that can be used on foreign medicinal packages and leaflets to ensure the correct usage of the medications. This study aims to explore the knowledge, attitude, and perception of pictograms in improving the understanding of foreign medicine packages and leaflets among the Malaysian population. Methods: This was a cross- sectional study with stratified random convenience sampling. A total of 397 Malaysian respondents participated in this study. A set of questionnaires was distributed using the Google Forms platform. The scores on knowledge, attitude, and perception were assessed based on previous studies by Bloom’s cut- off point criteria. SPSS version 28.0 was used to analyze the data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and perception of pictograms in improving understanding of foreign medicine packages and leaflets among Malaysians

John Siew Shia,

Nurul Athirah,

Mohamed Razeef

et al. 2024

IJELHE

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2024

IJELHE

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This paper analyses women's experience of consuming TikTok to cope with everyday stress. Our objectives are to examine the significant meanings of TikTok to women as a coping tool, to explore the motivations behind women's engagement with the platform for stress and emotion management, including to investigate the relationship between women's social and economic conditions and their consumption of TikTok for stress-coping. The investigation is carried out by conducting semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data. Six women were purposively sampled from a lower-income (B40) background who all use TikTok. Our results indicate several positive outcomes in women's stress and emotion management, particularly in managing work and personal stressors when consuming TikTok. Moreover, the results revealed that TikTok does not necessarily gratifiy as a tool for social validation but rather as a tool to comprehend and cope with women's stress. Additionally, TikTok positively affects women by encouraging them to seek self-betterment through its various media channels of entertainment, information, and distraction. The implications of this paper could be used to better understand the nature of stress that women face in this current era, and how social media is capable of becoming an effective tool for stress-coping.

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A Technological Framework to Support Asthma Patient Adherence Using Pictograms

Figueroa,

Taramasco,

Lagos

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Background: Low comprehension and adherence to medical treatment among the elderly directly and negatively affect their health. Many elderly patients forget medical instructions immediately after their appointments, misunderstand them, or fail to recall them altogether. Some identified causes include the short time slots allocated for appointments in the public health system in Chile, the complex terminology used by healthcare professionals, and the stress experienced by patients during appointments. One approach to improving patients’ adherence to medical treatment is to combine written and oral instructions with graphical elements such as pictograms. However, several challenges arise due to the ambiguity of natural language and the need for pictograms to accurately represent various medication combinations, doses, and frequencies. Objective: This study introduces SIMAP (System for Integrating Medical Instructions with Pictograms), a technological framework aimed at enhancing adherence among asthma patients through the delivery of pictograms via a computational system. SIMAP utilizes a collaborative and user-centered methodology, involving health professionals and patients in the construction and validation of its components. Methods: The technological framework presented in this study is composed of three parts. The first two are medical indications and pictograms related to the treatment of the disease. Both components were developed through a comprehensive and iterative methodology that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative approaches. This methodology includes the utilization of focus groups, interviews, paper and online surveys, as well as expert validation, ensuring a robust and thorough development. The core of SIMAP is the technological component that leveraged artificial intelligence methods for natural language processing to analyze, tokenize, and associate words and their context to a set of one or more pictograms, addressing issues such as the ambiguity in the text, the cultural factor that involves many ways of expressing the same indication, and typographical errors in the indications. Results: Firstly, we successfully validated 18 clinical indications along with their respective pictograms. Some of the pictograms were redesigned based on the validation results. However, in the final validation, the comprehension percentages of the pictograms exceeded 70%. Furthermore, we developed a software called SIMAP, which translates medical indications into previously validated pictograms. Our proposed software, SIMAP, achieves a correct mapping rate of 96.69%. Conclusions: SIMAP demonstrates great potential as a technological component for supplementing medical instructions with pictograms when tested in a laboratory setting. The use of artificial intelligence for natural language processing can successfully map medical instructions, both structured and unstructured, into pictograms. This integration of textual instructions and pictograms holds promise for enhancing the comprehension and adherence of elderly patients to their medical indications, thereby improving their long-term health.

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A Physician's Perspective on the Incorporation of Pictograms as a Supplement to Medical Instructions in Chile: A Pilot Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and perception of pictograms in improving understanding of foreign medicine packages and leaflets among Malaysians

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and perception of pictograms in improving understanding of foreign medicine packages and leaflets among Malaysians

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A Technological Framework to Support Asthma Patient Adherence Using Pictograms

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