A Phytopathogenic Bacterium Fatal to Laboratory Animals

Elrod, R. P.; Braun, Armin

doi:10.1126/science.94.2448.520

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Gil, received as P. polycolor. The animal pathogenicity of this isolate was thoroughly investigated (Elrod and Braun, 1941). Produces an abundance of pyocyanin on glycerol-peptone agar after several days' incubation.…”

Section: Cultures Employed2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, our concern in the problem was initiated indirectly. In the course of a serological study of the greenfluorescent group of bacterial plant pathogens, it was found that one organism, Phytomonas polycolor, was extremely virulent for small laboratory animals (Elrod and Braun, 1941). The suspicion arose at that time that the bacterium we were dealing with was in reality P. aeruginosa.…”

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Its Rôle as a Plant Pathogen

Elrod

Braun

1942

J Bacteriol

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The idea that some organisms may have the ability to establish themselves and thrive within both plant and warm-blooded-animal tissues has received the attention of comparatively few workers. The vast gulf between the two forms of life, in structure, composition, and many environmental factors, has seemed to preclude the thought that both could be favorable hosts to the same organism. fore, a well established fact.

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Section: Cultures Employed2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Its Rôle as a Plant Pathogen

Elrod

Braun

1942

J Bacteriol

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“…P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in aquatic environments, in soil, and in association with many eukaryotic organisms. P. aeruginosa has been reported to cause disease in plants (13,14), insects (15), and a variety of vertebrates (16). In humans, P. aeruginosa causes a broad spectrum of opportunistic infections and is one of the most important causes of Gram-negative bacteremia in major medical centers in the United States (17).…”

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Killing of Caenorhabditis elegans by Pseudomonas aeruginosa used to model mammalian bacterial pathogenesis

Tan

Mahajan-Miklos

Ausubel

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

907

1,015

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We show that a single clinical isolate of the human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain PA14), which previously was shown to be pathogenic in mice and plants, also kills Caenorhabditis elegans. The rate of PA14-mediated killing of C. elegans depends on the composition of the agar medium on which PA14 is grown. When PA14 is grown on minimal medium, killing occurs over the course of several days and is referred to as ''slow'' killing. When PA14 is grown on high-osmolarity medium, killing occurs over the course of several hours and is referred to as ''fast'' killing. Several lines of evidence, including the fact that heat-killed bacteria are still capable of fast but not slow killing of C. elegans, indicate that fast and slow killing occur by distinct mechanisms. Slow killing involves an infection-like process and correlates with the accumulation of PA14 within worm intestines. Among 10 PA14 virulence-related mutants that had been shown previously to affect pathogenicity in plants and mice, 6 were less effective in killing C. elegans under both fastand slow-killing conditions, indicating a high degree of commonalty among the P. aeruginosa factors required for pathogenicity in disparate eukaryotic hosts. Thus, we show that a C. elegans pathogenicity model that is genetically tractable from the perspectives of both host and pathogen can be used to model mammalian bacterial pathogenesis.

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“…P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous Gramnegative bacterium that is an important opportunistic human pathogen that is capable of causing disease in humans whose immune system has been compromised, who have sustained major trauma, or who are inflicted with cystic fibrosis (4). P. aeruginosa also has been reported to cause disease in plants, insects, and a variety of vertebrates (5)(6)(7)(8). Interestingly, we showed that a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa strain PA14 is not only a pathogen of mice but also kills C. elegans (1,2), and we identified two distinct modes of PA14-mediated killing of C. elegans that appear to be mechanistically distinct.…”

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa killing of Caenorhabditis elegans used to identify P. aeruginosa virulence factors

Tan

Rahme²,

Sternberg³

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

567

519

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We reported recently that the human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14 kills Caenorhabditis elegans and that many P. aeruginosa virulence factors (genes) required for maximum virulence in mouse pathogenicity are also required for maximum killing of C. elegans. Here we report that among eight P. aeruginosa PA14 TnphoA mutants isolated that exhibited reduced killing of C. elegans, at least five also exhibited reduced virulence in mice. Three of the TnphoA mutants corresponded to the known virulence-related genes lasR, gacA, and lemA. Three of the mutants corresponded to known genes (aefA from Escherichia coli, pstP from Azotobacter vinelandii, and mtrR from Neisseria gonorrhoeae) that had not been shown previously to play a role in pathogenesis, and two of the mutants contained TnphoA inserted into novel sequences. These data indicate that the killing of C. elegans by P. aeruginosa can be exploited to identify novel P. aeruginosa virulence factors important for mammalian pathogenesis.

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A Phytopathogenic Bacterium Fatal to Laboratory Animals

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Its Rôle as a Plant Pathogen

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Its Rôle as a Plant Pathogen

Killing of Caenorhabditis elegans by Pseudomonas aeruginosa used to model mammalian bacterial pathogenesis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa killing of Caenorhabditis elegans used to identify P. aeruginosa virulence factors

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