A pilot randomized clinical trial on the relative effect of instrumental (MFMA) versus manual (HVLA) manipulation in the treatment of cervical spine dysfunction

Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Pain and Function in Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The patient feel pain between the neck and shoulder regions starting from the nuchal line to the first thoracic spinous process [1] accompanied by local area of tenderness and limitation in the cervical range of motion (ROM) [2]. MNP is common affecting 30% to 50% of the middle aged population [3].…”

A Proposed Method for Estimating the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Techniques of Musculoskeletal Therapy

“…Is it reasonable that 2 techniques, such as one being a single impulse delivered by a low energy spring-loaded actuator and the other being the forceful rotation of the head and neck accompanied by an audible cavitation of fluid within the joints, have equal results? 9 Is it reasonable that similar techniques are no more efficient than bback schoolQ as in Hsieh et al? 4 Is the anecdotal evidence of clinicians who claim that ball techniques are equally effectiveQ simply being confirmed by these studies, or is there some common underlying process that might better explain these results?…”

“…The results of 5 recent studies 4,[9][10][11][12] serve as examples. The studies were selected because their objective was to compare several techniques of treating musculoskeletal symptoms and they use a subjective pain scale as a criterion.…”

Performance based objective outcome measures and spinal manipulation

“…In a second study, a RCT comparing manipulation to mobilization, pre-and post-SM, they found that both interventions increased CS ROM globally compared to baseline. The finding that SM improves CS ROM was later found by Wood et al (2001) when they completed a study comparing manual high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) SM to mechanical force, manually assisted (MFMA) SM for the CS over a pragmatic course of care. Both SM procedures yielded improvement in cervical ROM from baseline to follow-up and this effect was sustained 1 month post-treatment.…”