A Pilot Study of Chronological Microbiota Changes in a Rat Apical Periodontitis Model

Park, Ok-Jin; Jeong, Moon-Hee; Lee, Eun‐Hye; Cho, Michael; Hwang, Jaehong; Cho, Seungryong; Yun, Cheol‐Heui; Han, Seung Hyun; Kim, Sun‐Young

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8081174

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 5 , Proteobacteria , Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes , and Actinobacteria were dominant phyla in both ligated molars tied with oil-immersed and oil-free ligatures. This population is similar to microbiota found in the analysis of saliva, pulp chamber, and root apex [ 42 ] and is often identified in healthy subjects [ 43 ]. However, our results demonstrated that the microbial community of ligated molars changed after SM oil treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…With bacteria known to be the major factor inducing bone loss in periodontitis [ 28 , 30 ] and the ability to accumulating commensal microbial biomass to trigger a switch from homeostasis to inflammation [ 41 ], SM oil’s anti-bacterial properties suggest the material as a potential periodontitis inhibitor. Increased microbial diversity is characteristic of disease development in the root apex, and the increased specific bacterial communities are closely associated with disease progression [ 42 ]. The heatmap in Figure 4 shows that samples tied with SM oil-immersed ligatures exhibited lower diversity at both family and genus levels ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Treatment Efficiency and Microbiota Analysis of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on the Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Rat Model

Lin

Chang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Periodontitis is a common oral disease mainly caused by bacterial infection and inflammation of the gingiva. In the prevention or treatment of periodontitis, anti-bacterial agents are used to inhibit pathogen growth, despite increasing levels of bacterial resistance. Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn (SM) seed oil has proven anti-bacterial and anti-inflammation properties. However, the possibility of using this plant to prevent or treat periodontitis has not been reported previously. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SM oil on experimental periodontitis in rats by using micro-CT and microbiota analysis. The distance between cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and alveolar bone crest (ABC) on the sagittal micro-CT slide showed that total bone loss (TBL) was significantly lower in CEJ-ABC distances between SM oil and SM oil-free groups on Day 14. Histology data also showed less alveolar bone resorption, a result consistent result with micro-CT imaging. The microbiota analyzed at phylum and class levels were compared between the SM oil and SM oil-free groups on Day 7 and Day 14. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterium. Firmicutes in box plot analysis was significantly less in the SM oil group than in the SM oil-free group on Day 7. At the class level, Bacteroidia, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Clostridia, and Erysipelotrichia were the dominant bacteria. The bacteria composition proportion of Bacilli, Clostridiay, and Erysipelotrichia could be seen in the SM oil group significantly less than in t SM oil-free group on Day 7. Overall, the present results show that topical application of SM oil can reduce bone resorption and change bacteria composition in the ligature-induced periodontitis model. According to these results, it is reasonable to suggest SM oil as a potential material for preventing oral disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Treatment Efficiency and Microbiota Analysis of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on the Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Rat Model

Lin

Chang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Gemella sanguinis Gram+ facultative anaerobe periodontal pathogen; affects the periodontal health status and is prevalent in refractory periodontitis; in subgingival niche [5,37] Haemophilus parainfluenzae Gram− facultative anaerobe significantly more prevalent in periodontal health than periodontitis [37] Lactobacillus Gram+ anaerobe associated with carious lesions, anticaries potential, can inhibit tooth decay by limiting growth and virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans", dominant genera in the pulp chamber of apical periodontitis (rat model) [45,[48][49][50] Lautropia mirabilis Gram− facultative anaerobe localized on the back of the tongue, significantly more prevalent in periodontal health than periodontitis [37,51] Megaspahera elsdenii Gram− anaerobe one of the most abundant genera in the native biofilm…”

Section: Genus and Species Gram Type Growth Conditions Clinical Relevance Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Polymer Coatings Affect the Growth and Bacterial Population of a Biofilm Formed by Total Human Salivary Bacteria?—A Study by 16S-RNA Sequencing

et al. 2021

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Antimicrobial surface modifications are required to prevent biomaterial-associated biofilm infections, which are also a major concern for oral implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three different coatings on the biofilm formed by human saliva. Biofilms grown from human saliva on three different bioactive poly(oxanorbornene)-based polymer coatings (the protein-repellent PSB: poly(oxanorbornene)-based poly(sulfobetaine), the protein-repellent and antimicrobial PZI: poly(carboxyzwitterion), and the mildly antimicrobial and protein-adhesive SMAMP: synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides) were analyzed and compared with the microbial composition of saliva, biofilms grown on uncoated substrates, and biofilms grown in the presence of chlorhexidine digluconate. It was found that the polymer coatings significantly reduced the amount of adherent bacteria and strongly altered the microbial composition, as analyzed by 16S RNA sequencing. This may hold relevance for maintaining oral health and the outcome of oral implants due to the existing synergism between the host and the oral microbiome. Especially the reduction of some bacterial species that are associated with poor oral health such as Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum (observed for PSB and SMAMP), and Prevotella denticola (observed for all coatings) may positively modulate the oral biofilm, including in situ.

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“…Some important periodontal pathogens, such as Tannerella forsythia , that have never been cultivated from infected root canals were detected in AP ( Siqueira and Rôças, 2017 ). Furthermore, next-generation sequencing can aid in data analysis for thousands of different amplicons, rather than just individual or multiple samples, yielding enormous datasets, thereby offering more profound insight into AP ( Park et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive microbiota distribution from healthy oral to post-treatment apical periodontitis

Zhang

Yun

Lin

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Post-treatment apical periodontitis (PoAP) occurs when root canal treatment has not adequately eliminated bacterial invasion and infection. Yet little is known about the bacterial composition and changes related to the etiology and pathogenesis of PoAP. In this study, clinical samples classified as root apex (HARD) and periapical granulation tissues (SOFT) were separately collected from 10 patients with PoAP. The microbiota of each sample was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the obtained dataset was coanalyzed with 20 NCBI sequence read archive (SRA) datasets of healthy oral (HO) and primary apical periodontitis (PAP). We observed 2522 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 29 phyla, and all samples shared 86.5% of the sequence reads. The OTUs affiliated with Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria, were identified as core microbiota, which accounted for nearly 90% of 16S rRNA sequences in all samples. However, the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) of the beta diversity demonstrated that the three periapical statuses have distinct microbial compositions. Compared with HO and PoAP, Actinomyces has a significantly increased abundance in PAP. The microbial diversities in PoAP were significantly lower than those in the HO and PAP (p<0.05). The relative abundance of most bacterial taxa was decreasing, except that Clostridia and Synergistia were increased. Furthermore, we explored the potential metabolic differences of the microbial communities by KEGG pathway prediction. We revealed that the microbiota of PoAP might have a more active metabolic capacity, including carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and enzyme cofactor/carrier biosynthesis (p<0.05). Our study revealed that invasion of opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridia and Synergistia might play a significant role in PoAP, thus guiding the further study of complex microbial-host interactions and the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

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A Pilot Study of Chronological Microbiota Changes in a Rat Apical Periodontitis Model

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

The Treatment Efficiency and Microbiota Analysis of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on the Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Rat Model

The Treatment Efficiency and Microbiota Analysis of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on the Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Rat Model

How Do Polymer Coatings Affect the Growth and Bacterial Population of a Biofilm Formed by Total Human Salivary Bacteria?—A Study by 16S-RNA Sequencing

Distinctive microbiota distribution from healthy oral to post-treatment apical periodontitis

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