2012
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-3938.2011.01124.x
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A pilot study to test the differential validity of a genital injury severity scale, in development for use in forensic sexual assault examinations

Abstract: Methods of examining the sexual assault patient are not standardized and a definition of what constitutes significant genital injury after sexual assault (SA) remains controversial. This pilot study tests the empirical validity (initial differential validity) of a genital injury severity scale (GISS) under development by the authors with the hypothesis that women who report SA have more severe external genital injuries than those who engage in consensual intercourse (CI). In this observational, prospective stu… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…The predominant locations of injuries were as expected [ 13 ], with most of the injuries reported on the hymen, posterior fourchette and fossa navicularis. Major issues of concern are the lack of uniformity in examining survivors, dependence on the skill and experience of the examiner and discrepancies in recording of injuries [ 7 ]. Defining the significance of injuries also remains a challenge because it is recognised that vigorous consensual sex can also result in injury [ 6 , 9 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The predominant locations of injuries were as expected [ 13 ], with most of the injuries reported on the hymen, posterior fourchette and fossa navicularis. Major issues of concern are the lack of uniformity in examining survivors, dependence on the skill and experience of the examiner and discrepancies in recording of injuries [ 7 ]. Defining the significance of injuries also remains a challenge because it is recognised that vigorous consensual sex can also result in injury [ 6 , 9 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Defining the significance of injuries also remains a challenge because it is recognised that vigorous consensual sex can also result in injury [ 6 , 9 ]. There has been a call to develop a standardised classification system with an injury severity scale, yet it is clear that this will still not resolve the legal concern of whether rape occurred or not [ 7 , 13 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Para la elaboraci贸n de la Escala de Gravedad de Lesiones Genitales (GISS), el primer estudio fue efectuado por Larkin H. et al en el 2012, que compar贸 las lesiones producto de una agresi贸n sexual con aquellas de relaciones sexuales consensuales, se analiz贸 tanto la prevalencia como la gravedad de la lesi贸n genital, demostr谩ndose que las mujeres con reporte de agresi贸n sexual reciente ten铆an lesiones m谩s severas en relaci贸n a las relaciones consensuales. (Larkin, Cosby, Kelly, & Paolinetti, 2012) El siguiente estudio desarrollado por Kelly D. et al en el 2013, que realiz贸 una medici贸n basado en la gravedad de las lesiones genitales externas, sean de una agresi贸n sexual o una relaci贸n consentida, usando diferentes variables con empleo de un lente de amplificaci贸n y el azul de toluidina, se form贸 un instrumento de doce factores que miden cinco tipos de gravedad y dos clases de gravedad con el que se logr贸 diferenciar a las pacientes de la cohorte de agresi贸n sexual con las de relaciones consensuales (p<0,0001 es decir que esta herramienta logra discriminar las dos cohortes y esta relaci贸n de variables es estad铆sticamente significante); esta escala no responde a la cuesti贸n de la culpabilidad o la inocencia de una persona que solo le corresponde a un juez (Kelly, Larkin, Cosby, & Paolinetti, 2013 En la examinaci贸n se utiliz贸 el azul de toluidina que se aplic贸 en los labios menores y en la horquilla posterior, el exceso fue removido con un lubricante a base de agua, se toma una imagen amplificada con el uso del colposcopio y se aplic贸 la escala de gravedad de lesiones genitales tomando en cuenta estructuras anat贸micas c贸mo: labios menores, cl铆toris o 谩rea adyacente, tejido peri uretral o meato uretral; vest铆bulo, himen, fosa navicular y horquilla posterior; e identifica cinco criterios 1) Inflamaci贸n (hinchaz贸n) 2) Cambios de color 3) lesi贸n tisular en labios menores u horquilla posterior 4) Lesi贸n del himen 5) Absorci贸n de azul de toluidina por el tejido. El resultado son cinco tipos de hallazgos (1-5), que cuando las caracter铆sticas de los mismos se comparten entre dos tipos, esto se agrupan en clases (A y B) (Larkin, Cosby, Kelly, & Paolinetti, 2012;Kelly, Larkin, Cosby, & Paolinetti, 2013).…”
Section: Fundamento Te贸ricounclassified
“…Most sex-related genito-anal injury research is conducted in primary care settings and describes its prevalence and typology without addressing the issue of severity. Some researchers have explored the validity of a genital injury severity scale in an effort to distinguish between injuries sustained during consensual and nonconsensual sex (28). However, considerable practical challenges must be addressed if the whole spectrum of sex-related injury seen in primary care, surgical gynecology, and at autopsy is to be acknowledged.…”
Section: Severity Of Injurymentioning
confidence: 99%