A Piscibacillus sp. Isolated from A Soda Lake Exhibits Anticancer Activity Against Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells

Abstract

Microorganisms thrive in extreme environments and are known for synthesizing valuable metabolites. Salt-loving microorganisms can flourish in saline environments which inhibit the growth of other microbial life, and they possess the potential to produce stable and novel biomolecules for the use in biotechnological applications, including anticancer compounds. Sambhar Lake is the largest inland soda lake in India and is an appropriate habitat for halophilic bacterial and archaeal strains in terms of diversity and potential production of bioactive compounds. In the present study, a moderately halo-alkaliphilic bacterial strain C12A1 was isolated from Sambhar Lake, located in Rajasthan, India. C12A1 was gram-positive, motile, rod-shaped, formed oval endospores, produced carotenoids, and exhibited optimal growth at 37 °C in 10–15% NaCl (pH 8). C12A1 was found to be able to hydrolyze skimmed milk, gelatin, and Tween 80 but unable to hydrolyze starch and carboxymethylcellulose. C12A1 showed 98.87% and 98.50% identity in 16S rRNA gene sequence to P. halophilus and P. salipiscarius, respectively. Nevertheless, C12A1 was clustered within the clade consisting of P. salipiscarius strains, but it showed a distinct lineage. Thus, C12A1 was designated as Piscibacillus sp. Cell proliferation assay results showed that C12A1 broth extract (BEP) decreased cell viability in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, which was confirmed by the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Induction of cell toxicity was visualized by microscopy. Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that BEP inhibited the expression of proliferative B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and cell cycle marker Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) at transcript levels. Similarly, cell migration and colony formation along with mesenchymal marker vimentin and stem cell marker BMI transcripts were found to be inhibited when cells were treated with the BEP. The anti-breast cancer potential of C12A1 indicates that microorganisms inhabiting saline-alkaline habitats, with Piscibacillus sp. in particular, are a promising source for discovery of novel bioactive substances.

Direct cold atmospheric plasma and plasma‐activated medium effects on breast and cervix cancer cells

“…[ 53 ] Afterward, the absorption of samples was read at 570‐nm wavelength using a microplate reader (model 680; Bio‐Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). [ 54–57 ]…”

“…[53] Afterward, the absorption of samples was read at 570-nm wavelength using a microplate reader (model 680; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). [54][55][56][57] 2.7 | Medium H 2 O 2 assay H 2 O 2 detection was done in the control group (without any treatment) after direct-plasma treatment on Hela cells and PAM treatments (5-min treatment with both methods [the best results] and with He + 0.5% O 2 [the best combination]) and the medium was immediately (<1 min) provided using a fluorimetric hydrogen peroxide assay kit (MAK165-1KT; Sigma-Aldrich) according to manufacturer's standard protocol. At each measurement, 50 μl of the medium was collected and transferred to a flat-bottomed 96-well plate.…”

Halophiles and Their Biomolecules: Recent Advances and Future Applications in Biomedicine

“…C12A1 isolated from Sambhar Lake, India, decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line with downregulation of Bcl-xL and CDK-2 expression. Furthermore, cell migration and colony formation of the cells were inhibited in the presence of these metabolites [118].…”

Crude Cell-Free Extract From Deinococcus radiodurans Exhibit Anticancer Activity by Inducing Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

“…Cancer is a leading cause of mortality, resulting in a large economic burden on the world population ( Neelam et al, 2019 ). Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world including countries such as India ( Saranath and Khanna, 2014 ); 90% of cancer patients die due to the metastasis of cancer ( Seyfried, 2012 ).…”