“…In order to conquer the issue of low key sensitivity and plaintext sensitivity, researchers have proposed some plaintext related image encryption schemes in recent years [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. For some algorithms in [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], the confusion process is related to plain image in some ways. For instance, Liu et al developed a half-pixel-level interchange permutation strategy in the permutation stage and the permutation stage is plain-image dependent, which can obtain high plaintext sensitivity [ 30 ].…”