1985
DOI: 10.1016/0022-5096(85)90012-2
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A plasticity theory without drucker's postulate, suitable for granular materials

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Cited by 96 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…The DEM crushable soil clearly has a non-associative flow rule, in agreement with available data for sand, and at least for these data, the critical state does not quite appear to be at the normalised peak deviatoric stress, again in agreement with available data (e.g. Chandler, 1985;Wood, 1990). The stress paths for two constant-volume tests sheared from 15 MPa with different stress histories are shown in Fig.…”
Section: State Boundary Surfacesupporting
confidence: 87%
“…The DEM crushable soil clearly has a non-associative flow rule, in agreement with available data for sand, and at least for these data, the critical state does not quite appear to be at the normalised peak deviatoric stress, again in agreement with available data (e.g. Chandler, 1985;Wood, 1990). The stress paths for two constant-volume tests sheared from 15 MPa with different stress histories are shown in Fig.…”
Section: State Boundary Surfacesupporting
confidence: 87%
“…Many thousands of percent strain were actually required before an ultimate grading was achieved at which no further particle breakage would occur. This meant that when a stable volume was observed at an apparent critical state in a triaxial test, it was merely a balance between volumetric dilation arising from particle rearrangement and volumetric compression from continued breakage, which had been predicted by Chandler (1985) for materials with deformable rather than breakable particles. At higher stress levels, the ultimate grading was again fractal, but Coop et al (2004) did nd that theˆnal grading was dependent on the stress level and was not necessarily fractal at lower stresses.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Miura and Yamamoto [24] and Miura and O-hara [25]-who quantified breakage during triaxial shearing by measuring the change in surface area-showed that the particle surface area was still increasing at axial strains as high as 50 %; when the deviatoric stress and volumetric strain appeared to be reaching stable values. Chandler [26], who distinguished grain damage and rearrangement as separate mechanisms, perceived the critical state as the point at which the volume changes due to these competing mechanisms cancel out. Additionally, Coop et al [27] also conducted a series of ring shear tests, and showed that not only particle crushing, but also volumetric strains continue to occur at very high strains.…”
Section: Confining Pressurementioning
confidence: 99%