A Point-Prevalence Study on Healthcare-Associated Infections in Vietnam: Public Health Implications

Abstract

During 2008, a point-prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) was conducted in 36 Vietnamese hospitals. Of 7,571 inpatients, 590 (7.8%) had HAIs, including pneumonia (41.9%) and surgical-site infections (27.5%). Device use was a significant risk factor; gram-negative microorganisms predominated. A national reporting system needs to be established for monitoring HAIs and enhancing patient outcomes.

The first point prevalence survey of health care–associated infection and antimicrobial use in a Japanese university hospital: A pilot study

“…[1][2][3][4] Pneumonia and surgical site infection were common HAIs, similar to previous reports. 1,2 This high prevalence of HAIs in NUH can be explained as follows.…”

“…DR gram-negative rods (GNRs) were defined by the following criteria: (1) Enterobacteriaceae: resistant to any third-generation cephalosporins (3GC: cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, or ceftazidime) or nonsusceptible to imipenem or meropenem; (2) Acinetobacter spp or Pseudomonas aeruginosa: resistant to at least 2 classes among any fluoroquinolones, any aminoglycosides, any carbapenems, or β-lactams (resistant to at least 2 of piperacillin, ceftazidime, and cefepime); (3) nonfermenting GNRs other than Acinetobacter spp and P aeruginosa: resistant to any carbapenems; and (4) Bacteroides spp: resistant to any carbapenems.…”

“…Even if these cases (n = 15, 2 cases had clinical sepsis and C difficile infection) were excluded from active HAIs, the prevalence of active HAIs (8.3%) was still higher than in the United States, Europe, and China (P < .05, χ 2 test). [1][2][3][4] The frequency of DR pathogens isolated from patients with active HAIs has been unclear in Japan. This cross-sectional PPS reported, for the first time, the frequency of 3GC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and MRSA as causative agents of HAIs in a Japanese hospital.…”

“…The scale of reported PPSs has become multicenter, multistate, and multinational. [1][2][3][4] In Japan, there have been few reports about the hospital epidemiology of infectious diseases. Although specific surveillance of hospital infections, such as catheter-related bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, ventilatorassociated pneumonia, and surgical site infections at the targeted ward, is conducted, PPS data of HAIs and antimicrobial use have not yet been reported.…”

Point prevalence of hospital-acquired infections in two teaching hospitals of Amhara region in Ethiopia

“…The most commonly observed HAI was pneumonia in India (50%),44 Saudi Arabia (28.9%),45 and Vietnam (41.9%),46 whereas in this study, among all the HAIs, pneumonia occupied the second position (14.1%). The highest proportion observed in India may be due to the studies being conducted in ICU.…”