A Polycomb complex remains bound through DNA replication in the absence of other eukaryotic proteins

Lengsfeld, Bettina Marie; Berry, Kayla Nicole; Ghosh, Sharmistha; Takahashi, Masateru; Francis, Nicole J.

doi:10.1038/srep00661

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Using these new tools in Drosophila embryos, we found that TrxG and PcG proteins TRX and E(z), H3K4 and H3K27 histone-methyltrasferases (HMTs), respectively, and PC, a component of the PRC1 complex, associate with their response elements (TREs and PREs) during DNA replication in vivo 4 . These results are in agreement with a previous study showing that several components of the PRC1 complex are stably bound to DNA in the in vitro replication assays 5 , 6 , and that these proteins are associated in vivo with relatively short stretches of nascent DNA 5 . Surprisingly, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 are not detected in proximity to PCNA or nascent daughter strands of DNA, and initial accumulation of these methyl marks on H3 was detected only following S phase 4 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Stepwise histone modifications are mediated by multiple enzymes that rapidly associate with nascent DNA during replication

et al. 2013

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The mechanism of epigenetic inheritance following DNA replication may involve dissociation of chromosomal proteins from parental DNA and reassembly on daughter strands in a specific order. Here we investigated the behavior of different types of chromosomal proteins using newly developed methods that allow assessment of the assembly of proteins during DNA replication. Unexpectedly, most chromatin-modifying proteins tested, including methylases, demethylases, acetyltransferases and a deacetylase, are found in close proximity to PCNA or associate with short nascent DNA. Histone modifications occur in a temporal order following DNA replication, mediated by complex activities of different enzymes. In contrast, components of several major nucleosome remodeling complexes are dissociated from parental DNA, and are later recruited to nascent DNA following replication. Epigenetic inheritance of gene expression patterns may require many aspects of chromatin structure to remain in close proximity to the replication complex followed by re-assembly on nascent DNA shortly after replication.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Stepwise histone modifications are mediated by multiple enzymes that rapidly associate with nascent DNA during replication

et al. 2013

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“…PRC1 is maintained on the template after fork passage with the mammalian SV40 replication system (Francis et al, 2009). This is an intrinsic property of PRC1, independent of other eukaryotic factors, since it is also maintained following replication of naked DNA by the bacteriophage T7 system (Lengsfeld et al, 2012). A single subunit of PRC1, PSC, is alone able to maintain association, consistent with a “bridging” model (Fig.…”

Section: Maintaining Pcg Silencing Through Cell Divisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupying Chromatin: Polycomb Mechanisms for Getting to Genomic Targets, Stopping Transcriptional Traffic, and Staying Put

2013

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Summary Polycomb repressive complexes are conserved chromatin regulators with key roles in multicellular development, stem cell biology, and cancer. New findings advance molecular understanding of how they target to sites of action, interact with and alter local chromatin to silence genes, and maintain silencing in successive generations of proliferating cells. Chromatin modification by Polycomb proteins provides an essential strategy for gene silencing in higher eukaryotes. Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) silence many key developmental regulators and are centrally integrated in the transcriptional circuitry of embryonic and adult stem cells. PRC2 trimethylates histone H3 on lysine-27 (H3-K27me3) and PRC1-type complexes ubiquitylate histone H2A and compact polynucleosomes. How PRCs and these signature activities are deployed to select and silence genomic targets is the subject of intense current investigation. We review recent advances on targeting, modulation, and functions of PRC1 and PRC2, and we consider progress on defining transcriptional steps impacted in Polycomb silencing. Key recent findings demonstrate PRC1 targeting independent of H3-K27me3 and emphasize nonenzymatic PRC1-mediated compaction. We also evaluate expanding connections between Polycomb machinery and non-coding RNAs. Exciting new studies supply the first systematic analyses of what happens to Polycomb complexes, and associated histone modifications, during the wholesale chromatin reorganizations that accompany DNA replication and mitosis. The stage is now set to reveal fundamental epigenetic mechanisms that determine how Polycomb target genes are silenced and how Polycomb silence is preserved through cell cycle progression.

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“…In an early report, it was demonstrated that PRC1 remains bound to DNA during the replication of SV40 minichromosomes in vitro , in a system utilizing a HeLa cell S100 extract [ 107 ]. Subsequent studies using a T7 bacteriophage system have shown that eukaryotic proteins are not required to retain PRC1 during DNA synthesis [ 108 ]. This latter experiment raises the possibility that the retention of PRC1 can be directed by DNA alone.…”

Section: Epigenetic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fork in the Road: Histone Partitioning During DNA Replication

Annunziato

2015

Genes

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In the following discussion the distribution of histones at the replication fork is examined, with specific attention paid to the question of H3/H4 tetramer "splitting." After a presentation of early experiments surrounding this topic, more recent contributions are detailed. The implications of these findings with respect to the transmission of histone modifications and epigenetic models are also addressed.

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A Polycomb complex remains bound through DNA replication in the absence of other eukaryotic proteins

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Stepwise histone modifications are mediated by multiple enzymes that rapidly associate with nascent DNA during replication

Stepwise histone modifications are mediated by multiple enzymes that rapidly associate with nascent DNA during replication

Occupying Chromatin: Polycomb Mechanisms for Getting to Genomic Targets, Stopping Transcriptional Traffic, and Staying Put

The Fork in the Road: Histone Partitioning During DNA Replication

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