A Population-based Survey of the Prevalence and Types of Glaucoma in Nepal: The Bhaktapur Glaucoma Study

Thapa, Suman; Paudyal, Indira; Khanal, Shankar; Twyana, Shankha Narayan; Paudyal, Govinda; Gurung, Reeta; Ruit, Sanduk; Rens, Ger H. M. B. van

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.10.021

Cited by 59 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The prevalence of glaucoma in this Nepalese population was 1.9 % (Thapa et al, 2012).The prevalence of glaucoma was lower than studies from south Asia as shown in Table 5. POAG was the most common form of glaucoma.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Results of the Bhaktapur Glaucoma Study, Nepal

et al. 2013

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I nt r oduction: The Bhaktapur Glaucoma Study is a population-based, cross-sectional and longitudinal study undertaken in one of the districts of Nepal. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of glaucoma in Bhaktapur district, Nepal. Materials and methods: Thirty clusters were randomly selected and a door-to-door census was conducted to identify citizens 40 years of age and older. Four thousand eight hundred individuals fulfilling the eligibility criteria were referred to the base hospital in Kathmandu for a detailed clinical examination. The diagnosis of glaucoma was based upon criteria described by the International Society for Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO). Results: Complete data was available on 3991 subjects (response rate 83.15 %). The mean IOP was 13.3 mm Hg (97.5 th and 99.5 th percentiles, 18 and 20 mm Hg, respectively) and mean VCDR 0.26 (97.5 th and 99.5 th percentiles, 0.6 and 0.8 mm Hg, respectively). Seventy-five subjects had glaucoma, an age-sex-standardized prevalence of 1.80 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.68 -1.92). The age-and sex-standardized prevalence of POAG was 1.24 % (CI, 1.14 -1.34), PACG 0.39 % (CI, 0.34 -0.45) and secondary glaucoma 0.15 % (CI, 0.07-0.36). The prevalence of glaucoma increased with increase in age and there was no significant difference in gender. Nine eyes were blind and two subjects bilaterally blind from glaucoma. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of glaucoma was 1.9 %. POAG was the most common form of glaucoma. Visual morbidity from PACG, however, was higher. A large majority of the subjects with POAG had not been previously diagnosed and had intraocular pressure within the normal range.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Results of the Bhaktapur Glaucoma Study, Nepal

et al. 2013

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“…We determined that POAG and NTG show similar CCT. We present one of the early reports on CCT in PACG that it is similar to controls supporting a report in similar population [22], but it is thicker than POAG and NTG. We are the first to report that CCT in GS is similar to controls and POAG, but thicker than NTG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…CCT in POAG has been found to be equivalent to normal subjects in many studies [3][4][5][6]10,12,22], but there is also evidence of reduced CCT in POAG [11]. We observed that CCT in POAG is thinner compared to normal subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Central Corneal Thickness in Nepalese Glaucoma Patients and Glaucoma Suspects

Adhikari¹,

Chettry²,

Thapa³

2014

J Clin Res Ophthalmol

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003 AbstractPurpose: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) among glaucoma patients, glaucoma suspects, and normal subjects and to determine its association with glaucoma severity in Nepalese population. Methods:This study included 400 eyes (149 glaucoma, 157 glaucoma suspects, 94 controls) of 400 participants examined in a glaucoma clinic and eye OPD in Nepal. CCT was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry. Results:CCT was significantly different among the study groups (P = 0.05), with the thinnest CCT in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and thickest in ocular hypertension (OHT). CCT (in µm) was thinner in NTG (519.6 ± 31.6; P = 0.06) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) (524.5 ± 35.8; P = 0.026) than controls (536.6 ± 28.9); and it was thinner in POAG compared to primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) (541.3 ± 50.5; P = 0.028) and OHT (559.8 ± 28.1; P = 0.017). In NTG, CCT was thinner compared to Glaucoma suspects (GS) (531.6 ± 35.0; P = 0.038), PACG (P = 0.008), and OHT (P = 0.008).There was no correlation between CCT and visual field defect and CCT was not statistically different between early, moderate and severe POAG groups. Conclusions:We report that CCT in glaucoma suspects is similar to normal subjects and POAG, but thicker than NTG. These data will be important in clinically monitoring glaucoma suspects that are at increased risk of glaucoma. Our results may be population specific and further longitudinal studies are warranted to determine influence of CCT on glaucoma progression in this population.

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“…Of these, we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria and identified 30 articles from 23 population-based studies reporting glaucoma prevalence in Asia for inclusion in the meta-analysis (see online supplementary tables S1 and S2). In brief, there were 10 studies from East Asia (China,28–35 Japan,36–38 South Korea39 40 and Mongolia41), 9 studies from South-Central Asia (India,42–47 Nepal,48 Iran49 and Sri Lanka50 51), 5 studies from South East Asia (Singapore,52–54 Myanmar55 56 and Thailand57) and 1 study from West Asia (Qatar) 58. POAG data were extracted from 23 articles, of which 20 consisted of data stratified by age and 17 comprised data stratified by both age and gender.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%