A Porous Organic Polymer Nanotrap for Efficient Extraction of Palladium

Abstract

To offset the environmental impact of platinumgroup element (PGE) mining, recycling techniques are being explored. Porous organic polymers (POPs) have shown significant promise owing to their selectivity and ability to withstand harsh conditions. A series of pyridine-based POP nanotraps, POPPy , POP-pNH 2-Py, and POP-oNH 2-Py, have been designed and systematically explored for the capture of palladium, one of the most utilized PGEs. All of the POP nanotraps demonstrated record uptakes and rapid capture, with the amino group shown to be vital in improving performance. Further testing on the POP nanotrap regeneration and selectivity found that POP-oNH 2-Py outperformed POP-pNH 2-Py. Single-crystal X-ray analysis indicated that POP-oNH 2-Py provided a stronger complex compared to POP-pNH 2-Py owing to the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the amino group and coordinated chlorine molecules. These results demonstrate how slight modifications to adsorbents can maximize their performance. Platinum-group elements (PGEs) are recognized for their unique properties such as corrosion resistance, high melting point, and catalytic qualities. These features have made them economically invaluable, with widespread use in a variety of industrial sectors. Elements in this category, namely platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium, are

Precious metals recovery from aqueous solutions using a new adsorbent material

“…This group is also divided into three different subgroups: iridium, platinum (IPGEs and palladium (PPGEs) groups 1 . Due to their specific chemical and physical properties platinic group metals (such as good corrosion resistance, high melting point, good catalytic properties) 2 are widely used in different industries: electronic industry, catalysts in oil processing industry, medical field and jewelry production 3 .…”

“…In this moment around 90% from the entire quantity of platinic metals comes from two countries – Russia and South Africa, rest of the world being dependent on imports 2 . High cost of PGMs is related with the diminishing availability of the natural resources concomitant with the difficulties related to the mining of such elements 4 , 5 .…”

“…Therefore, from viewpoint of full utilization of resources it is quite important the effective recovery of PGM’s metals from both natural ore and industrial waste. Recovery of such metals from spent systems can represent an efficient way to reduce the dependence on this limited raw material 2 , 6 , 7 .…”

“…For effective recovery were developed several methods, such as: solvent extraction 8 , ion exchange 9 , membrane separation 2 , 10 , complexation 11 , retention on porous polymers 12 , coprecipitation, sequential distillation, precipitation and adsorption which is presented in the literature as the method with higher efficiency for recovery of PGM’s from aqueous solutions 2 , 4 , 5 , 11 , 13 – 15 .…”

Control of Functionalized Pore Environment in Robust Ionic Ultramicroporous Polymers for Efficient Removal of Trace Propyne from Propylene

“…Although MOFs have presented superior separation performance for C 3 H 4 and C 3 H 6 , their physicochemical stability still needs to be improved. Also, some stable MOFs, such as UiO-66, MIL-100 (Cr), and ZIF-8, only exhibited undesirable selectivity. − Porous organic polymers, featuring superior structural stability, well-developed porosity, and large surface areas, are promising materials for the adsorption process, − such as CO 2 /N 2 separation and H 2 storage. − To our knowledge, few attempts have been made to explore the potential of C 3 H 4 /C 3 H 6 separation; the reported linear polymer L-POP-6 exhibits a C 3 H 4 uptake of 1.8 mmol g –1 but a very low selectivity of 2.9 at 1 bar because of the lack of affinity sites and the failure of controlling the pore sizes on a 3–6 Å scale. Hence, it is of significance to construct an ideal adsorbent with a made-to-order pore environment for high-performance separation and long-term stability.…”