A portal‐vein‐catheterization technique in pigs and sheep, and postprandial changes of pO<sub>2</sub>, pCO<sub>2</sub>, pH, urea, ammonia, and creatinine and proteins in portal and arterial blood measured in pigs

Leeuwen, P. van; Leuvenink, Henri G. D.; Haasbroek, W.M.; Priem, G.; Bosch, M.W.; Kleef, D.J. van

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.1995.tb00401.x

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Previously, portal catheters have been secured with a nylon mesh, glued to the catheter, and sutured to connective tissue (Yen and Killefer, 1987). Catheters with silicon rosettes may prevent postsurgical changes in catheter length (Van Leeuwen et al, 1995). The technique to install the flow probe was similar to that described previously for the external pudic artery in swine (Renaudeau et al, 2002) and ruminal arteries in sheep (Remond et al, 1993).…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood flow rate has been measured using electromagnetic flow probes (Bajjalieh et al, 1981) or the indicator dilution method (Yen and Killefer, 1987). Some have simply used reported blood flow values (Van Leeuwen et al, 1995). In the present study, ultrasonic flow probes replaced old electromagnetic technology with the advantage that the probe is placed in alignment with the vessel and data can be collected immediately after implantation.…”

Section: Blood Flow Rate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major constraints for successful application of the model are complicated surgical procedures, postoperative management, catheter maintenance, and accurate blood flow measurements. Surgical procedures have been modified in individual laboratories to accommodate surgical capabilities, material availability, and model application (e.g., Bajjalieh et al, 1981;Yen and Killefer, 1987;Van Leeuwen et al, 1995;Ten Have et al, 1996). Emergence of ultrasonic, instead of electromagnetic flow probes, improved blood flow measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical note: An improved surgical model for the long-term studies of kinetics and quantification of nutrient absorption in swine1,2

Hooda

Matte

Wilkinson

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

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An improved technique to study kinetics and quantitative absorption of nutrients in pigs is described. Three female pigs (35 kg of BW) were surgically modified with catheters in the hepatic portal vein and carotid artery and an ultrasonic flow probe around the portal vein. Catheter placement and patency was secured using distal modifications (rings and holes) and nonabsorbable suture. Catheters and flow probe cable were tunneled subcutaneously after exteriorization for further protection. Fibrosis and adhesions in the body cavity were minimized by avoiding excessive manipulation and drying of viscera. Pigs were supported during recovery by intravenous fluid therapy of AA and electrolytes until regular feeding resumed. Catheters were flushed daily with heparinized saline (200 IU/L). After 10 d, pigs were fed a diet based on wheat and soybean meal for 6 consecutive 7-d periods. On d 7, blood was collected postprandially every 15 min from -15 to 60 min, 30 to 240 min, 60 to 480 min, and 120 to 720 min. Blood flow was measured simultaneously. Plasma was analyzed for glucose, and net glucose absorption was calculated from plasma portal-arterial differences x plasma flow [blood flow x (1 - hematocrit)]. The specific improvements for long-term use of this model are distal modifications of the catheters, postoperative treatment using parental nutrition and gut motility drug, prevention of infection of body cavity by further tunneling of catheters and blood flow probe cable, and use of ultrasonic blood flow probes and meter. Blood flow measurements using an ultrasonic blood flow probe was not changed after 52 d compared with 10 d post-surgery, indicating the reliability of this model. This catheterized pig model, thus, will allow the long-term study of the kinetics of nutrient absorption.

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Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blood Flow Rate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical note: An improved surgical model for the long-term studies of kinetics and quantification of nutrient absorption in swine1,2

Hooda

Matte

Wilkinson

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

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“…In this study the catheters were on average patent 24 (range 7-64) days after surgery. Van Leeuwen et al [16] also used the technique of direct vascular access using vascular clamping of the portal vein prior to incision. After introduction of the catheter, it was fi xed by suturing the portal vein and using a silicon sheeting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Surgical Technique for Portal Venous Port System in Swine

Kaiser¹,

Frühauf²,

Broelsch³

2005

Eur Surg Res

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The need for serial blood sampling and continuous infusion using the portal vein for experimental surgery and pharmacological studies is evident. As suitable animal models are rare, we established a new technique to implant a permanent vascular access device to the portal vein in swine. All operations in study animals (n = 8) were technically feasible due to a regularly detected side branch of the portal vein within the inferior pancreatic region; complications did not occur. Mean operation time was 48 ± 17 min. This study clearly shows that the portal venous access is feasible and can be achieved safely using the inferior pancreatic vein for a permanent vascular access port system.

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“…Four cross-bred barrows [(Dutch Landrace x Yorkshire) x Finnish Landrace] with an average body weight (± SE) of 54.2 (± 1.2) kg were fitted with indwelling catheters in the portal and mesenteric veins as described by van Leeuwen et al (1995) and in an occluded carotid artery as described by Yen and Killefer (1987). The pigs were housed in individual metabolism crates (80 x 180 cm) in a temperature-controlled (23±1°C) room at the TNO-ILOB Institute, Wageningen.…”

Section: Animals and Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flux of amino acids and peptides across the portal vein-drained tissue of pigs

Caine¹,

Verstegen²,

Sauer³

et al. 1999

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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An experiment was carried out to determine the flux of amino acids across the portal veindrained tissue into and out of the plasma and red blood cell free amino acid pools and the plasma peptide pool of the portal vein blood of growing pigs. Four pigs, fitted with catheters in a carotid artery and the portal and mesenteric veins, were fed a maize starch-based diet with wheat gluten as protein source. The feed was given daily at the level of 2% body weight as a wet mash (1:2, w/v water) in two equal meals at 08.00 and 16.00 h. After 5-d adaptation to diet, the pigs received their 08.00 h meal and, subsequently, were not fed again for 28 h. At 4 (fed) and 28 (unfed) h after receiving the meal, simultaneous 8 mL blood samples were taken from the portal vein and carotid artery of each pig. The flow of whole blood and plasma were determined by the indicator-dilution method, using continuous infusion of /?-aminohippuric acid into the mesenteric vein. Blood sampling and flow measurements were repeated 5 d later. Total flux of amino acids were higher (P=0.02) in the plasma (55.7 vs 1.9 mmol/h) and plasma peptide (123.2 vs -1.2 mmol/h) pools of portal vein blood of fed compared to unfed pigs, respectively. Corresponding total flux in the red blood cell pool (77.5 vs 5.9 mmol/h) was not statistically significant (P=0.29) because of a large standard error 4 Corresponding author 28 FLUX OF AMINO ACIDS ACROSS PORTAL VEIN WALL due to inconsistency between the pigs and accumulated analytical variation. A substantial proportion of the amino acids in the plasma peptide pool of portal vein blood of fed pigs were of dietary origin based on a similar amino acid profile to that of wheat gluten. In conclusion, the plasma free amino acid and plasma peptide pools, and probably the red blood cell free amino acid pool, of portal vein blood are involved in the flux of amino acids across the portal vein-drained tissue of pigs.

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A portal‐vein‐catheterization technique in pigs and sheep, and postprandial changes of pO₂, pCO₂, pH, urea, ammonia, and creatinine and proteins in portal and arterial blood measured in pigs

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Technical note: An improved surgical model for the long-term studies of kinetics and quantification of nutrient absorption in swine1,2

Technical note: An improved surgical model for the long-term studies of kinetics and quantification of nutrient absorption in swine1,2

New Surgical Technique for Portal Venous Port System in Swine

Flux of amino acids and peptides across the portal vein-drained tissue of pigs

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A portal‐vein‐catheterization technique in pigs and sheep, and postprandial changes of pO2, pCO2, pH, urea, ammonia, and creatinine and proteins in portal and arterial blood measured in pigs

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Technical note: An improved surgical model for the long-term studies of kinetics and quantification of nutrient absorption in swine1,2

Technical note: An improved surgical model for the long-term studies of kinetics and quantification of nutrient absorption in swine1,2

New Surgical Technique for Portal Venous Port System in Swine

Flux of amino acids and peptides across the portal vein-drained tissue of pigs

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Product

Resources

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A portal‐vein‐catheterization technique in pigs and sheep, and postprandial changes of pO₂, pCO₂, pH, urea, ammonia, and creatinine and proteins in portal and arterial blood measured in pigs