A Positive Association found between Autism Prevalence and Childhood Vaccination uptake across the U.S. Population

Delong, Gayle

doi:10.1080/15287394.2011.573736

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A study published in 2011 has confirmed a positive correlation between the proportion of children who received vaccinations in each state over the interval from 2001 to 2007 and the incidence of autism or speech and language impairment [14]. For each 1% increase in vaccination rate, 680 additional children were diagnosed with autism or speech delay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Empirical Data Confirm Autism Symptoms Related to Aluminum and Acetaminophen Exposure

Seneff

Davidson²,

Liu

2012

Entropy

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Autism is a condition characterized by impaired cognitive and social skills, associated with compromised immune function. The incidence is alarmingly on the rise, and environmental factors are increasingly suspected to play a role. This paper investigates word frequency patterns in the U.S. CDC Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) database. Our results provide strong evidence supporting a link between autism and the aluminum in vaccines. A literature review showing toxicity of aluminum in human physiology offers further support. Mentions of autism in VAERS increased steadily at the end of the last century, during a period when mercury was being phased out, while aluminum adjuvant burden was being increased. Using standard log-likelihood ratio techniques, we identify several signs and symptoms that are significantly more prevalent in vaccine reports after 2000, including cellulitis, seizure, depression, fatigue, pain and death, which are also significantly associated with aluminum-containing vaccines. We propose that children with the autism diagnosis are especially vulnerable to toxic metals such as aluminum and mercury due to insufficient serum sulfate and glutathione. A strong correlation between autism and the MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine is also observed, which may be partially explained via an increased sensitivity to acetaminophen administered to control fever.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Empirical Data Confirm Autism Symptoms Related to Aluminum and Acetaminophen Exposure

Seneff

Davidson²,

Liu

2012

Entropy

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“…Patients with autism have significantly increased NO production [579,[831][832][833]. Higher plasma nitrite and nitrate (NOx) levels were also found in children with autism compared with controls [832].…”

Section: Possible Association Between T1dm Autism Spectrum Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

T. gondii Infection Acquired during Pregnancy and/or after Birth may be Responsible for Development of both Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Pr¹,

ota²

2013

J Diabetes Metab

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Recently, it was suggested that maternal T and potentially B cells transferred during pregnancy and/or the breast milk feeding and their encounter with the antigen in mesenteric lymph nodes might play a role in development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). T. gondii infection during gestation and/or after birth may be responsible for development of both T1DM and T2DM in children, adolescents and adults because: a) maternal microchimerism in peripheral blood was demonstrated to be significantly higher in patients with T1DM compared to unaffected siblings and healthy subjects, b) transmission of T. gondii as a Trojan horse in various types of eukaryotic cells, including T and B lymphocytes, c) swallowing by the fetus of amniotic fluid containing infected leukocytes and other cells, d) elimination of T. gondii in the breast milk during lactation, e) involvement of mesenteric lymph nodes after oral infection with the parasite, and f) damage of the myenteric neurons during infection with the parasite in both the animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and diabetic patients. Moreover, a significantly lower occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii found in the sera of patients with T1DM compared with their first-degree family members or healthy controls may be due to their T and/or B cell exhaustion perspective caused by chronic infection with the parasite. This suggestion may be supported by the finding that latent toxoplasmosis was associated with markedly reduced lymphocyte B-cell counts responsible for production of antibodies, markedly lower serum IgG, IgM, and IgA levels, and a significant suppression of IL-2. On the other hand, patients with T2DM had increased anti-T. gondii antibodies significantly more frequently than respective controls. Impaired vascular endothelial function characteristic for the patients with diabetes mellitus may be at least in part due to the preferential T. gondii infection of endothelial cells. Vitamin D and minocycline exerted beneficial effects on development and clinical course of diabetes mellitus probably because of their immunomodulatory and antitoxoplasmatic activities. These data strongly suggest that the parasite play an important role in development of both types of diabetes mellitus.

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“…6,9,17,[19][20][21][22]25,26,29 Most of these studies were conducted in children immunised in the 1990s when the vaccines were being administered according to the expanded immunisation schedule. But the prevalence of NDs has continued to increase (Fombonne et al, Madsen KM et al,) even with the use of thimerosal free vaccines after the joint statement regarding thimerosal use in 1999, as must have been expected according to the results of these studies.…”

Section: Study Findings Conducted Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on thimerosal: an irreplaceable element of long-term immunisation strategy in low income countries

Singla

Gupta

Kaur

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Thimerosal, an organic-mercury (Hg) compound containing 49.55% Hg by weight, is added to vaccines as a preservative permitting formulation of multi-dose vaccine vials. Being a derivative of ethylmercury, it has been linked with autism as a possible risk factor based on the assumption that exposure to ethylmercury would have similar neurotoxic effects as another mercurial compound, methylmercury. In 1999, AAP issued a joint statement emphasising the removal of thimerosal from vaccines. Subsequently, several studies have been conducted; those showing positive association between thimerosal exposure and autism have been recognised to be fraught with methodological flaws. On the other hand, many well controlled studies have failed to find any such causal relation and there are others that have clearly demonstrated a much favourable kinetic profile of ethylmercury as compared to methylmercury. Owing to the lack of data, AAP retired its original statement in 2002. Recently, thimerosal has been exempted from regulation by Minamata Convention on Mercury resulting in the continued use of low cost thimerosal containing vaccines in low income countries which cannot afford to run their immunisation program using single dose thimerosal free vaccines, that comparatively cost much higher, as is the case in high income countries. Some bodies view this as a discrimination on the basis of wealth of a nation and have opposed this decision. This review presents various studies regarding the causal association between thimerosal containing vaccines and autism. The current evidence fails to support any such association. Hence this review supports the exemption of thimerosal from regulation and also justifies its use in LICs for uninterrupted vaccination of the most vulnerable population.

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A Positive Association found between Autism Prevalence and Childhood Vaccination uptake across the U.S. Population

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Empirical Data Confirm Autism Symptoms Related to Aluminum and Acetaminophen Exposure

Empirical Data Confirm Autism Symptoms Related to Aluminum and Acetaminophen Exposure

T. gondii Infection Acquired during Pregnancy and/or after Birth may be Responsible for Development of both Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A review on thimerosal: an irreplaceable element of long-term immunisation strategy in low income countries

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