A Positron Emission Tomographic Comparison of Pulmonary Vascular Permeability during the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Pneumonia

Kaplan, James D.; Calandrino, Frank S.; Schuster, Daniel P.

doi:10.1164/ajrccm/143.1.150

Cited by 52 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As expected, high pulmonary vascular permeability is, however, non specific of ARDS, and has also been observed in patients with pneumonia [84]. Moreover, in a more recent study combining PET and mobile--scintigraphy data [86], there was considerable overlap regarding pulmonary vascular permeability between patients with hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic pulmonary edema, suggesting that structural damage of the alveolar-capillary membrane may also exist in hydrostatic pulmonary edema, as demonstrated by West et al as the stress capillary failure (West, 1992 #53683).…”

Section: Contribution Of Pet Studies To Ards Physiopathologysupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Several studies have confirmed that pulmonary vascular permeability was high in ARDS patients, relative to normal human volunteers [16,83,84]. However, the regional correlation between vascular permeability and EVLW was relatively weak [83], and most patients exhibit diffuse increased vascular permeability, even in lung regions with normal density and EVLW [85], suggesting that lung density and EVLW are inadequate markers of ARDS.…”

Section: Contribution Of Pet Studies To Ards Physiopathologymentioning

confidence: 96%

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Lung Imaging in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with PET

Richard¹,

Pouzot²,

Guérin³

2010

TONMEDJ

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PET imaging is an attractive technique to study patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of its non-invasiveness, its potential to obtain quantitative measurements on a regional basis, and its ability to give functional (not simply morphologic) information about the lungs. The purpose of this manuscript is to focus on the application of PET imaging in ALI/ARDS, to review PET measurements of potential interest in this context and to address their limitations, and finally to summarize the contribution of previous studies in ALI/ARDS patients in the understanding of the physiopathology of this syndrome.

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Section: Contribution Of Pet Studies To Ards Physiopathologysupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Contribution Of Pet Studies To Ards Physiopathologymentioning

confidence: 96%

Lung Imaging in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with PET

Richard¹,

Pouzot²,

Guérin³

2010

TONMEDJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, this radiopharmaceutical could explore vascular permeability, which is typically increased in ARDS and not easily detectable by conventional techniques [93,94].…”

Section: Cystic Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

PET/CT in nononcological lung diseases: current applications and future perspectives

et al. 2016

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Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) is an established diagnostic modality that has become an essential imaging tool in oncological practice. However, thanks to its noninvasive nature and its capability to provide physiological information, the main applications of this technique have significantly expanded. 18F-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most commonly used radiopharmaceutical for PET scanning and demonstrates metabolic activity in various tissues. Since activated inflammatory cells, like malignant cells, predominantly metabolise glucose as a source of energy and increase expression of glucose transporters when activated, FDG-PET/CT can be successfully used to detect and monitor a variety of lung diseases, such as infections and several inflammatory conditions.The added value of FDG-PET/CT as a molecular imaging technique relies on its capability to identify disease in very early stages, long before the appearance of structural changes detectable by conventional imaging. Furthermore, by detecting the active phase of infectious or inflammatory processes, disease progression and treatment efficacy can be monitored. This review will focus on the clinical use of FDG-PET/CT in nonmalignant pulmonary diseases. @ERSpublications PET/CT is an imaging modality that could play a role in evaluation of inflammatory and infectious lung diseases

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“…Townsley et al 3 have suggested that alveolar-capillary barrier remodeling in a canine model of pacing-induced heart failure constitutes a beneficial adaptation to the pulmonary venous hyperperfusion that accompanies heart failure. Kaplan et al 18 documented a normal transcapillary escape rate of transferrin in patients with decompensated heart failure. Davies et al 19 have shown a reduced transferrin escape.…”

Section: Saline DL Co and Its Subdivisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impeded Alveolar-Capillary Gas Transfer With Saline Infusion in Heart Failure

et al. 1999

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Abstract-The microvascular pulmonary endothelium barrier is critical in preventing interstitial fluid overflow and deterioration in gas diffusion. The role of endothelium in transporting small solutes in pathological conditions, such as congestive heart failure (CHF), has not been studied. Monitoring of pulmonary gas transfer during saline infusion in CHF was used to probe this issue. Carbon monoxide diffusion (DL CO ), its membrane diffusion (D M ) and capillary blood volume (V C ) subcomponents, and mean right atrial (rap) and mean pulmonary wedge (wpp) pressures after saline or 5% .01 versus 750 mL of saline) and decreased V C (Ϫ9, PϽ0.01 versus 750 mL of saline); aldosterone (Ϫ40%), renin (Ϫ41%), hematocrit (Ϫ3%), rap, and wpp behaved as they did after saline infusion. In controls, responses to both saline amounts were similar to responses in CHF patients regarding aldosterone, renin, hematocrit, rap, and wpp, whereas DL CO , D M , and V C values tended to rise. Hindrance to gas transfer (reduced DL CO and D M ) with salt infusion in CHF, despite an increase in V C and no variations in pulmonary hydrostatic forces, indicates an upregulation in sodium transport from blood to interstitium with interstitial edema. Redistribution of blood from the lungs, facilitating interstitial fluid reabsorption, or sodium uptake from the alveolar lumen by the sodium-glucose cotransport system might underlie the improved alveolar-capillary conductance with glucose. (Hypertension. 1999;34:1202-1207.)Key Words: capillaries Ⅲ epithelium Ⅲ glucose Ⅲ heart failure Ⅲ sodium F or the lung parenchyma to allow gas exchange between blood and gas in the alveoli, a continuous clearance is required of the excess of fluid into the interstitial space and the alveolar lumen. Excessive water accumulation in these compartments is called pulmonary and alveolar edema, respectively. The pulmonary microvascular endothelium and the alveolar epithelium constitute a barrier that is critical for gas exchange and modulation of fluid and solute passage between blood, the interstitial compartment, and alveoli. 1 Despite the substantial progress that has been made in understanding the physiology of the endothelial and epithelial layers in regulating lung fluid balance, further study regarding the local and systemic regulatory factors under pathological conditions is necessary. 1 An imbalance in hydrostatic forces is interpreted as the basic mechanism for volume overload and cardiogenic pulmonary edema. 2 In congestive heart failure (CHF), pulmonary edema may be absent despite elevation of the hydrostatic pressures 3 or may be present even if pressures are normal. 4 Whether altered hemodynamics are the exclusive mechanisms for pulmonary edema in CHF and whether alterations in the capillary endothelium and/or in the alveolar epithelium barrier contribute to changes in salt, water, and gas transfer have been the subjects of only limited research. 3 Cardiogenic anatomic injuries of the alveolar-capillary membrane have been reported in animals and humans. 5,6 ...

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A Positron Emission Tomographic Comparison of Pulmonary Vascular Permeability during the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Pneumonia

Cited by 52 publications

References 9 publications

Lung Imaging in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with PET

Lung Imaging in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with PET

PET/CT in nononcological lung diseases: current applications and future perspectives

Impeded Alveolar-Capillary Gas Transfer With Saline Infusion in Heart Failure

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