A Possibility to Reduce Methane Emission from Landfills by Its Oxidation in the Soil Cover

Stępniewski, Witold; Pawłowska, Małgorzata

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0405-0_9

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…IPCC recommends biofilters and biocovers as reference methods for mitigation of greenhouse gas emission from landfills. The devices should be commercialized by 2030 [28,56,57]. Taking into account that the volatile organic compounds, including BTEX are also oxidized in the aerobic microbial processes, it seemed appropriate to use previously developed methods for removal of methane and these compounds.…”

Section: Methods Used For Landfill Gas Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of Landfill Gases Emission with Particular Emphasis on Btex

Staszewska¹,

Pawłowska²

2012

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:Landfilling is the most popular way for waste disposal and has been widely applied globally. A large quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is released from landfills. Among them, BTEX (benzene, toluene ethylbenzene and xylene) is a major group of pollutants, which have now become a cause for concern worldwide because of their toxic properties. For this reason, strict regulations have come into force which induce researchers to find methods to reduce their emissions. This article contains descriptions of several aerobic metabolic pathways for the degradation of BTEX, which are provided by two enzymatic systems (dioxygenases and monooxygenases). Special attention was paid to biofiltration -a method for improving the efficiency of treatment of BTEX released from landfills.Keywords: landfilling, biogas, BTEX degradation, biofiltration, ortho-cleavage pathway, meta-cleavage pathway IntroductionEuropean Union policy pays great attention to sustainable development ie balancing economic development with quality of environment and quality of life in such a way that intra-and intergenerational justice should be assured. Most resources will be exhausted in the foreseeable future and emissions of greenhouse gases accelerate climate change. In according to Lindzen [1] climate change would not be so catastrophic. Nevertheless careful, more balanced management future development of our civilisation is of great importance [2][3][4][5][6]. Among these problems, greenhouse gas emissions have attracted most interest [1,7,8]. One major source of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly of methane, is landfill gas.Landfilling is the most widely adopted practice for municipal solid waste disposal because it is the most economical waste management strategy currently available. Approximately 75% of municipal waste is composed of biodegradable organic materials. Different types of materials decompose at different rates. Food waste is hydrolyzed at the fastest rate among all substrates. Paper, cardboard, wood, textiles are slowly degraded while [9,10]. In the landfills, gaseous products are formed which are harmful to the environment. The most burdensome of these is methane, which content ranges from 48 to 65% (vol/vol) [11]. Landfills are estimated to contribute 11÷32 Tg CH 4 /year into the atmosphere [12,13]. In situations where the CH 4 concentration is lower than 30% an economical and ecologically applicable way to remove it is via biological oxidation using methanotrophic bacteria [12,14]. A simplified scheme for the reaction by which methanotrophs oxidise CH 4 is as follows [15,16]: CH 4 + 2O 2 → CO 2 + 2H 2 O Besides methane (Table 1), landfill gas also contains other harmful substances such as non-methane organic compounds detrimental to human health and psychological comfort. According to the EPA report [17] 39% of Non-methane Organic Compounds (NMOC) produced in landfills are VOCs. In the group of VOCs emitted from landfills most common are: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (o-, m-, p-xylene) (BTEX). I...

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Section: Methods Used For Landfill Gas Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] have described various methods for methane removal from landfills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Landfill Gases Emission with Particular Emphasis on Btex

Staszewska¹,

Pawłowska²

2012

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…However, opportunities do exist to reduce methane emissions from municipal landfills by applying low cost, biologically active overlays in which methane can be oxidised (Stêpniewski and Paw³owska 1996;Paw³owska and Stêpniewski 2003, 2004 in self-running biofilters (Paw³owska et al 2008(Paw³owska et al , 2011, or by the addition of sewage sludge to increase methane production, enabling it to be collected for energy use (Paw³owska and Siepak 2006;Paw³owska et al 2008).…”

Section: Ways To Counteract Increases In Atmospheric Co 2 Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of CO2 in the Earth’s ecosystem and the possibility of controlling flows between subsystems

Pawłowski

Cao

2014

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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Streszczenie W artykule scharakteryzowano przepływy C02 w ekosystemie Ziemi. Omówiono zastosowania CO2 w różnych sektorach gospodarki: jako surowca do syntezy tworzyw i paliw, do ekstrakcji w przemyśle spożywczym i perfumeryjnym, do przenoszenia ciepła i chłodu w ciepłownictwie i chłodnictwie oraz do hodowli genetycznie zmodyfikowanych alg służących do produkcji biopaliw. Wskazano także na możliwości redukcji stężenia CO2 w atmosferze poprzez antropogeniczną mo- dyfikację naturalnych przepływów pomiędzy podsystemami w ekosystemie Ziemi.

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“…Soils, more precisely the microorganisms living in soils, have been widely observed to have the unique ability of utilizing CH 4 as their carbon and energy source and oxidize it to CO 2 [5][6]. Landfi ll cover, where CH 4 is presented at high concentration and O 2 is partly available, has proven to possess impressive CH 4 oxidation potential [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]; recent study reported a mean value of 36 ±6% for CH 4 oxidation effi ciency [15], although the default value for this parameter set by IPCC and the USEPA is relatively low (0%-10%) [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Landfill Cover in Reducing Methane Emission

Cao¹,

Staszewska²

2013

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Uncontrolled emissions of landfi ll gas may contribute signifi cantly to climate change, since its composition represents a high fraction of methane, a greenhouse gas with 100-year global warming potential 25 times that of carbon dioxide. Landfi ll cover could create favourable conditions for methanotrophy (microbial methane oxidation), an activity of using bacteria to oxidize methane to carbon dioxide. This paper presents a brief review of methanotrophic activities in landfi ll cover. Emphasis is given to the effects of cover materials, environmental conditions and landfi ll vegetation on the methane oxidation potential, and to their underlying effect mechanisms. Methanotrophs communities and methane oxidation kinetics are also discussed. Results from the overview suggest that well-engineered landfi ll cover can substantially increase its potential for reducing emissions of methane produced in landfi ll to the atmosphere.

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A Possibility to Reduce Methane Emission from Landfills by Its Oxidation in the Soil Cover

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Control of Landfill Gases Emission with Particular Emphasis on Btex

Control of Landfill Gases Emission with Particular Emphasis on Btex

The role of CO2 in the Earth’s ecosystem and the possibility of controlling flows between subsystems

Role of Landfill Cover in Reducing Methane Emission

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