A possible short-term prediction of potential carcinogenicity of chemical compounds in vivo by means of a promoting activity test (PAT)

Danz, M.; Urban, H.; Schmidt, Andreas; Ziebarth, D

doi:10.1016/s0014-4908(78)80012-x

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although other methods, such as irradiation or treatment with chemical carcinogens, have been used for induction of cortical tumors (2,3,17,25), few successful experimental regimens have been established. A number of treatments increase numbers of cortical focal alterations, and single doses of various chemical carcinogens and tumor promoters have be shown to act mitogenically on the rat adrenal cortex (5). A great deal of evidence is available that chronic ACTH stimulation induces a time-dependent notable hypertrophy of adrenocortical cells (18), although it has not hitherto been reported that ACTH is linked with enhanced adrenocortical tumorigenesis as indicated here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Dual Effects of Prolonged ACTH Stimulation on 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-Oxide-Induced Adrenocortical Lesions in Rats

et al. 2000

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Dual Effects of Prolonged ACTH Stimulation on 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-Oxide-Induced Adrenocortical Lesions in Rats

et al. 2000

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“…FN is highly toxic to fish, aquatic algae, and zooplankton (Hsieh et al, 1980;Stay et al, 1988;Thomas et al, 1981) and 9-fluorenone has been shown to be toxic in several bioassays (Richardson and Gangolli, 1994). Both FN and 9-fluorenone have carcinogenic (Danz et al, 1978) and mutagenic potential (Vasilieva et al, 1990).…”

Section: -Fluorenone Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial degradation of aromatic compounds via angular dioxygenation.

Nojiri

Habe

Omori

2001

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Dioxygenation is one of the important initial reactions of the bacterial degradation of various aromatic compounds. Aromatic compounds, such as biphenyl, toluene, and naphthalene, are dioxygenated at lateral positions of the aromatic ring resulting in the formation of cis-dihydrodiol. This "normal" type of dioxygenation is termed lateral dioxygenation. On the other hand, the analysis of the bacterial degradation of fluorene (FN) analogues, such as 9-fluorenone, dibenzofuran (DF), carbazole (CAR), and dibenzothiophene (DBT)-sulfone, and DF-related diaryl ether compounds, dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) and diphenyl ether (DE), revealed the presence of the novel mode of dioxygenation reaction for aromatic nucleus, generally termed angular dioxygenation. In this atypical dioxygenation, the carbon bonded to the carbonyl group in 9-fluorenone or to heteroatoms in the other compounds, and the adjacent carbon in the aromatic ring are both oxidized. Angular dioxygenation of DF, CAR, DBT-sulfone, DD, and DE produces the chemically unstable hemiacetal-like intermediates, which are spontaneously converted to 2,2,3-trihydroxybiphenyl, 2-aminobiphenyl-2,3-diol, 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate, 2,2,3-trihydroxydiphenyl ether, and phenol and catechol, respectively. Thus, angular dioxygenation for these compounds results in the cleavage of the three-ring structure or DE structure. The angular dioxygenation product of 9-fluorenone, 1-hydro-1,1a-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone is a chemically stable cis-diol, and is enzymatically transformed to 2-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl. 2-Substituted 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyls formed by angular dioxygenation of FN analogues are degraded to monocyclic aromatic compounds by meta cleavage and hydrolysis. Thus, after the novel angular dioxygenation, subsequent degradation pathways are homologous to the corresponding part of that of biphenyl. Compared to the bacterial strains capable of catalyzing lateral dioxygenation, few bacteria having angular dioxygenase have been reported. Only a few degradation pathways, CARdegradation pathway of Pseudomonas resinovorans strain CA10, DF/DD-degradation pathway of Sphingomonas wittichii strain RW1, DF/DD/FN-degradation pathway of Terrabacter sp. strain DBF63, and carboxylated DE-degradation pathway of P. pseudoalcaligenes strain POB310, have been investigated at the gene level. As a result of the phylogenetic analysis and the comparison of substrate specificity of angular dioxygenase, it is suggested that this atypical mode of dioxygenation is one of the oxygenation reactions originating from the relaxed substrate specificity of the Rieske nonheme iron oxygenase superfamily. Genetic characterization of the degradation pathways of these compounds suggests the possibility that the respective genetic elements constituting the entire catabolic pathway have been recruited from various other bacteria and/or other genetic loci, and that these pathways have not evolutionary matured.

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Smoking and Health

Berton¹,

Odom²

1980

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A possible short-term prediction of potential carcinogenicity of chemical compounds in vivo by means of a promoting activity test (PAT)

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Dual Effects of Prolonged ACTH Stimulation on 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-Oxide-Induced Adrenocortical Lesions in Rats

Dual Effects of Prolonged ACTH Stimulation on 4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-Oxide-Induced Adrenocortical Lesions in Rats

Bacterial degradation of aromatic compounds via angular dioxygenation.

Smoking and Health

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