In the last two decades, several techniques have been introduced that are capable to extract three-dimensional three-components velocity fields in fluid flows. Fast-paced developments in both hardware and processing algorithms have generated a diverse collection of methods, with a growing range of application in flow diagnostics. The context has been further enriched by an increasingly marked trend of hybridization, in which the boundaries between different techniques are fading. In this review, we carry out a survey of the prominent methods, including optical techniques and approaches based on medical imaging. Each one is outlined through a sample application from the recent literature, focusing on respective strengths and challenges. A framework for the evaluation of the velocimetry performance in terms of dynamic spatial range is discussed, along with technological trends and emerging strategies to exploit 3D data. While critical challenges still exist, these observations highlight how volumetric techniques are transforming experimental fluid mechanics, and that the possibilities they offer have just begun to be explored.