A potential double role of anti-Lewis X antibodies in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastroduodenal diseases

Abstract

In this study, we found Lewis X (Le(x)) determinants on 68% of Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients with chronic gastroduodenal diseases. Anti-Le(x) IgG were detected more frequently in the sera from dyspeptic children and adults (45 and 46%), with or without proved (culture) H. pylori infection, than in the sera from healthy individuals (14% and 25%). In contrast, the prevalence of anti-Le(x) IgM was higher in the groups of healthy individuals than in the groups of dyspeptic patients. Moreover, anti-Le(x) monoclonal antibody of IgM class enhanced the uptake of Le(x)(+) but not Le(x)(-) H. pylori isolates by phagocytes. In the sera from some dyspeptic patients, we detected Le(x)-anti-Le(x) IgG immune complexes (Le(x) ICs). There was a great difference between children and adults as regards the presence of Le(x) ICs. The immune complexes were found in the sera from nine out of 29 (27%) H. pylori-infected and three out of eight (37%) uninfected adult dyspeptic patients. In comparison, Le(x)-anti-Le(x) IgG ICs were detected only for two out of 18 (11%) H. pylori-infected children. Le(x) ICs were not found in the sera from healthy individuals. Our results suggest that anti-Le(x) IgM may play a protective role in H. pylori infections. In contrast, anti-Le(x) IgG and particularly Le(x)-anti-Le(x) IgG ICs might contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic H. pylori infections.

Upregulation of MUC5AC production and deposition of LEWIS determinants by HELICOBACTER PYLORI facilitate gastric tissue colonization and the maintenance of infection

“…It was confirmed by impairement of adhesion to guinea pig gastric epithelial cells of H. pylori treated with anti-LeX, anti-LeY or both types of antibodies. Previously, it was showed that LeX and LeY of H. pylori were involved in phagocytosis of these bacteria and induction of the immune complexes LewisX/Y-anti-LewisX/Y IgGwith proinflammatory potential [80]. In conclusion LeX/LeY determinants present in gastric mucin as well as H. pylori LeX/LeY determinants can be used by these bacteria for colonization of gastric mucosa of the host.…”

Accumulation of Deleterious Effects in Gastric Epithelial Cells and Vascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro in the Milieu of Helicobacter pylori Components, 7-Ketocholesterol and Acetylsalicylic Acid

“…The autoimmune concept of CHD development in H. pylori positive individuals has also been suggested. Several H. pylori components, including heat shock protein B (HspB) or the Lewis X and Y determinants of LPS induce antibodies, potentially autoreactive, which due to complement activation may drive the inflammatory response in the milieu of autoantigen deposition in the gastric mucosa or vascular endothelium [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

A link betweenHelicobacter pyloriand/orChlamydiaspp. infections and atherosclerosis

“…In our previous study a role of anti‐LeX IgG and LeX–anti‐LeX IgG immune complexes in the pathology of H. pylori ‐related dyspepsia was suggested. By contrast, anti‐LeX IgM were considered to be protective antibodies in H. pylori infections [25]. Although we cannot identify the bacterial epitopes inducing IgG production in CHD patients, our results suggest that an infection with H. pylori or Chlamydia spp., and especially infection with both bacteria, as well as enhanced production of antibodies to these pathogens may be involved in the initiation and maintenance of the atherosclerosis.…”