A Potential Role for Neuroinflammation in ADHD

Vázquez-González, Daniela; Carreón-Trujillo, Sonia; Álvarez-Arellano, Lourdes; Abarca-Merlin, D. M.; Domínguez-López, Pablo; Salazar–García, Marcela; Corona, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_15

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 208 publications

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“…Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are important risk factors to promote the progression of ADHD through different mechanisms including glial cell activation, loss of neuronal integrity and function, disturbances of the neurotransmitter system as well as abnormal neuronal development. 49–51 Furthermore, neuroinflammation can also induce oxidative stress. Research showed that serum cytokine levels are higher in ADHD patients than healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 attenuates hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model

Yin,

Liu,

Feng

et al. 2024

Food Funct.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 attenuates hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model

Yin,

Liu,

Feng

et al. 2024

Food Funct.

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“…Cytokines play an important role in neurodevelopmental processes, affecting glial cell development and neural and synaptic maturation [26]. Subclinical neuroin ammation has been demonstrated in ADHD [27], with increased oxidative stress in animals [28] and in paediatric patients [29]. A correlation has been detected between elevated levels of proin ammatory cytokines and the severity of symptoms in children with ADHD [30,31], which is absent in adult patients with ADHD [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Interleukins profile in Inatentive-ADHD prepubertal children are probably related to comorbidities

González-Villén,

Fernández-López,

Checa-Ros

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background. Inflammatory cytokines are involved in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. Objetive. To quantify baseline levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and their changes after treatment with methylphenidate (MPH) in prepubertal children with ADHD. Methods. A total of 31 prepubertal children with ADHD were recruited. Based on the scores of the NICHQ Vanderbilt scales, the children were subclassified in only two ADHD presentations: ADHD-Attention Deficit (n= 13) or ADHD-Combined (n= 18). The children were also screened for Oppositional Desafiant Conduct Disorder (ODCD) and Anxiety Disorder. Blood samples were drawn at 09:00 h and after 4,63 ± 1,87 months of treatment. Four proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-5, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)] and three anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) were measured using a Luminex® assay. Statistic: Factorial analysis (Stata 15.1) was performed using instants (baseline – post-treatment), presentations, and ODCD as factors. Results. Overall, there were no differences induced by treatment in the concentrations of interleukins (ILs) analysed in our group of pre-pubertal children with ADHD. Grouped by Presentations, the differences detected are present almost exclusively in ADHD-AD Presentation, usually with a concentration profile opposite to that observed in ADHD-C, and with interactions between comorbid Factors, with the ILs that reach the greatest statistical significance being IL-1β (p = 0.01) and IL-13 (p = 0.006). These differences are probably related to the ODCD factor, and these differences disappear after treatment. Conclusion. The changes that we described in inflammatory cytokines in prepubertal children only in ADHD-AD presentation are probably related to comorbidities (specifically ODCD) and disappear after treatment, but do not be involved in the highly clinically favourable response to MPH in prepubertal children.

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“…For a healthy person, the DA concentration in the extracellular fluid is in the range of 0.01-1 µM [5]. Abnormal dopamine levels have been associated with various neurological and physical disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, stress, ADHD, HIV infection, obesity, depression, hallucination, addiction, cardiotoxicity, hypertension, and heart failure [6][7][8][9]. Therefore, the development of techniques for the accurate and sensitive detection of dopamine is of significant interest in both clinical and research settings not only to regulate drug treatment, but also to facilitate the early diagnosis of diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Dopamine Electrochemical Detection with Manganese Doped Crystalline Copper Oxide

et al. 2023

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Manganese doped crystalline copper oxide (CuO:Mn) and undoped CuO were prepared at room temperature by the hydrothermal method. The complete physico-chemical characterization of the materials was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission/scanning electron microscopy (TEM/SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, their analytical applicability was tested in electrochemical experiments for a dopamine assay. According to the morphological investigation, the materials had a flat structure with nearly straight edges. The XRD analysis proved the formation of the CuO phase with good crystallinity, while the Mn doping was determined by XPS to be around 1 at.%. Under optimized conditions, at pH 5.0, the CuO:Mn modified electrode (CuO:Mn/SPE) showed a high signal for dopamine oxidation, with a linear response in the 0.1–1 µM and 1–100 µM ranges and a low limit of detection of 30.3 nM. Five times higher sensitivity for manganese doped copper oxide in comparison with the undoped sample was achieved. The applicability of the developed CuO:Mn/SPE electrode was also tested in a commercially available pharmaceutical drug with good results, suggesting that the developed sensor has promising biomedical application potential.

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A Potential Role for Neuroinflammation in ADHD

Cited by 15 publications

References 208 publications

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 attenuates hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 attenuates hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model

Differences in the Interleukins profile in Inatentive-ADHD prepubertal children are probably related to comorbidities

Enhancement of Dopamine Electrochemical Detection with Manganese Doped Crystalline Copper Oxide

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