A Potentiometric Sensor System with Integrated Circuitry for in situ Environmental Monitoring

Das, Angan; Bhadri, P.; Beyette, Fred R.; Jang, Am; Bishop, Paul L.; Timmons, W.

doi:10.1109/nano.2006.247810

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A voltage follower circuit topology is generally used to provide a high-impedance interface. Potentiometric circuit examples can be found in [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Because the circuits for potentiometric sensors are relatively simple and not as commonly used in recent biosensors, this paper will focus on circuits for amperometric and impedimetric biosensors that are currently receiving much attention.…”

Section: Cmos Instrumentation For Amperometric and Impedimetric Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Electrochemical Instrumentation for Biosensor Microsystems: A Review

Liu²,

et al. 2016

Sensors

150

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Modern biosensors play a critical role in healthcare and have a quickly growing commercial market. Compared to traditional optical-based sensing, electrochemical biosensors are attractive due to superior performance in response time, cost, complexity and potential for miniaturization. To address the shortcomings of traditional benchtop electrochemical instruments, in recent years, many complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) instrumentation circuits have been reported for electrochemical biosensors. This paper provides a review and analysis of CMOS electrochemical instrumentation circuits. First, important concepts in electrochemical sensing are presented from an instrumentation point of view. Then, electrochemical instrumentation circuits are organized into functional classes, and reported CMOS circuits are reviewed and analyzed to illuminate design options and performance tradeoffs. Finally, recent trends and challenges toward on-CMOS sensor integration that could enable highly miniaturized electrochemical biosensor microsystems are discussed. The information in the paper can guide next generation electrochemical sensor design.

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Section: Cmos Instrumentation For Amperometric and Impedimetric Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Electrochemical Instrumentation for Biosensor Microsystems: A Review

Liu²,

et al. 2016

Sensors

150

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“…In [37], it is found that, for any time measurement, u trigger is inversely proportional to the value of the voltage slope in the measurement pin when this voltage reaches the value V TL . From (11) it can be deduced that u trigger has the same form in all time measurements…”

Section: Errors Uncertainty and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are used, in the case of DCS, for measuring linear displacement and pressure differences [6], and for determining angular position [7,8] and acceleration [9,10]. DRSs are used in applications such as environmental monitoring [11], speed measurement [12], to sense linear or angular position displacement [13], and in rehabilitation devices [14]. These sensors also have inherent benefits, such as canceling the effects of temperature changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple digital readout circuit for differential resistive or capacitive sensors

Hidalgo-López

2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This paper introduces and analyses a novel direct interface circuit (DIC) that directly connects differential resistive and capacitive sensors to digital processors (DPs), performing a magnitude-to-time-to-digital conversion of the information they provide. The simple circuit performs the readout using two passive components, the differential sensor, and the DP. In some cases, the circuit may require an additional passive element. The DP only uses common digital resources such as bidirectional pins or a counter, meaning microcontrollers, FPGAs, or ASICs could all be used as DPs. Different DICs proposed in the literature for reading differential sensors require three time measurement processes to estimate the variable to be measured. The new circuit requires only one, saving time and energy dissipation, and reducing the number of error sources. A design based on an FPGA has been implemented as a proof of concept. Measurement times in the order of 1.1–1.3 ms have been obtained with this configuration. Errors in the readout of a differential resistive sensor are below 0.34% in the worst case and below 0.63% for a differential capacitive sensor.

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“…A voltage follower circuit is generally used to (1) provide a high impedance interface, so the output signal can be isolated from the source signal effectively. In addition, the instrumentation amplifier is characterized by high noise elimination capability and the high common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) which is generally >80 dB [56]. Potentiometry requires the input bias of the measurement circuit to be very low to reduce the measurement error to less than 1%.…”

Section: Potentiometric Protein Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiostats for Protein Biosensing: Design Considerations and Analysis on Measurement Characteristics

et al. 2019

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The demand for the development of swift, simple, and ultrasensitive biosensors has been increasing after the introduction of innovative approaches such as bioelectronics, nanotechnology, and electrochemistry. The possibility to correlate changes in electrical parameters with the concentration of protein biomarkers in biological samples is appealing to improve sensitivity, reliability, and repeatability of the biochemical assays currently available for protein investigation. Potentiostats are the required instruments to ensure the proper cell conditioning and signal processing in accurate electrochemical biosensing applications. In this light, this review is aimed at analyzing design considerations, electrical specifications, and measurement characteristics of potentiostats, specifically customized for protein detection. This review demonstrates how a proper potentiostat for protein quantification should be able to supply voltages in a range between few mV to few V, with high resolution in terms of readable current (in the order of 100 pA). To ensure a reliable quantification of clinically relevant protein concentrations (>1 ng/mL), the accuracy of the measurement (<1%) is significant and it can be ensured with proper digital-to-analog (10-16 bits) and analog-to-digital (10-24 bits) converters. Furthermore, the miniaturisation of electrochemical systems represents a key step toward portable, real-time, and fast point-of-care applications. This review is meant to serve as a guide for the design of customized potentiostats capable of a more proper and enhanced conditioning of electrochemical biosensors for protein detection.

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A Potentiometric Sensor System with Integrated Circuitry for in situ Environmental Monitoring

Abstract: applications.~~~~~~~~m icroelectrode sensor device that monitors the external Keyord -pteniomtri, snso, itegate, niseenvironmiental conditions. These electrodes produce a Keywrds potntioetri, snsor intgrae4 nisevoltage signal and pass it on to the second component, the

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

CMOS Electrochemical Instrumentation for Biosensor Microsystems: A Review

CMOS Electrochemical Instrumentation for Biosensor Microsystems: A Review

A simple digital readout circuit for differential resistive or capacitive sensors

Potentiostats for Protein Biosensing: Design Considerations and Analysis on Measurement Characteristics

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