A powder particle size effect on ceramic powder based separator for lithium rechargeable battery

Takemura, Daigo; Aihara, Shigeru; Hamano, Kouji; Kise, Makiko; Nishimura, Takashi; Urushibata, Hiroaki; Yoshiyasu, Hajimu

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.159

Cited by 115 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Note that for non-porous substrates it is believed the plasma treatment is confined only to the top several hundred angstroms. 18 For simplicity the terms ''multilayer'' and ''monolayer'' below refer to coatings derived from initial nanoparticles dispersions with pH values 7 and 4, respectively. Separators derived from pH = 7.5 were not considered further due to the minimal penetration of the nanoparticles into the interior of the membranes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle-coated separators for lithium-ion batteries with advanced electrochemical performance

Fang

Kelarakis

Lin

et al. 2011

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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We report a simple, scalable approach to improve the interfacial characteristics and, thereby, the performance of commonly used polyolefin based battery separators. The nanoparticle-coated separators are synthesized by first plasma treating the membrane in oxygen to create surface anchoring groups followed by immersion into a dispersion of positively charged SiO 2 nanoparticles. The process leads to nanoparticles electrostatically adsorbed not only onto the exterior of the surface but also inside the pores of the membrane. The thickness and depth of the coatings can be fine-tuned by controlling the f-potential of the nanoparticles. The membranes show improved wetting to common battery electrolytes such as propylene carbonate. Cells based on the nanoparticle-coated membranes are operable even in a simple mixture of EC/PC. In contrast, an identical cell based on the pristine, untreated membrane fails to be charged even after addition of a surfactant to improve electrolyte wetting. When evaluated in a Li-ion cell using an EC/PC/DEC/VC electrolyte mixture, the nanoparticle-coated separator retains 92% of its charge capacity after 100 cycles compared to 80 and 77% for the plasma only treated and pristine membrane, respectively.The rapid emergence and popularity of portable electronics has motivated extensive research efforts to meet the ever increasing demands for mobile power sources in terms of energy storage capacity, form factor, weight, and lifetime with minimal safety risk and environmental impact. Currently, Li-ion rechargeable batteries are the benchmark of this technology and are the subject of intense research and development.1-3 Certain operational limitations of the Li-ion batteries are directly or indirectly related to the performance characteristics of the separator that is a key component of each electrochemical converter. 4 The separator is essentially a diaphragm, whose function is to prevent physical and electrical contact between the electrodes, while allowing ionic current flow. [5][6][7] Ideally, the separators for Li-ion batteries should be porous and thin but mechanically robust. In addition, they should exhibit chemical and dimensional stability, low thermal shrinkage, and good wetting to common liquid electrolytes. Microporous membranes based on polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), their blends, their copolymers and their laminates have found widespread application as separators for Li-ion batteries, since they adequately fulfill most of the requirements presented above. The main drawback of the polyolefin separators is their poor wetting to cyclic electrolytes with high dielectric constant such as ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC), an effect that results in increased internal resistance of the cells. Modifications of the polyolefin surface can improve the wetting characteristics of the separators but the chemistry is rather challenging and the performance depends critically on the nature and the grafting density of the functional groups. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] ...

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confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle-coated separators for lithium-ion batteries with advanced electrochemical performance

Fang

Kelarakis

Lin

et al. 2011

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…They are made of ultra-thin particles bonded using a small amount of binder. The particles are oxides of transition metal, such as MgO [143], TiO 2 [144], Al 2 O 3 [145], or CaCO 3 [146,147]. The binder is usually PVdF or PVdF-HPF already mentioned in the context of gel-polymer electrolytes in Sect.…”

Section: The Separatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytes and Separators for Lithium Batteries

et al. 2016

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Rechargeable lithium batteries are basically of two types; lithium metal batteries, and, lithium-ion batteries. Lithium metal batteries (LMB) provide a higher theoretical energy density than the alternatives: their wide commercial availability is limited, however, by the tendency to grow dendrites during cycling. This is a potential hazard and also reduces cycle lifetime. Attempts are being made to suppress dendritic growth either by using solid electrolytes that act as mechanical barriers, or by choosing electrolytes that produce a suitable passivation layer called the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). Since there is no entirely successful strategy to inhibit the growth of dendrites, safety concerns have led to the use of the other kind of lithium battery, namely, the lithium-ion battery (LiB).Lithium-ion batteries are now widely employed for a variety of applications in electronic devices, mobile telephones, laptop computers and a large variety of other portable appliances. They possess a very high energy density, are light and compact and show excellent cyclability and reliability. The current commercial Li-ion batteries are based on aprotic organic liquids such as ethylene carbonate or dimethyl carbonate which have high dielectric constant and are thus good solvents for salts; they also show a large window of electrochemical stability. However, their vapor pressure is high, so that they can provoke fires and explosions in case of accidental battery shorts, when low-stability cathodes are used such as oxides. Such safety issues become accentuated in large lithium-ion batteries of interest in electric cars, especially if charge-discharge is carried out at high rates. The safety aspect has thus become a paramount issue in the development of this technology. Another component important for safety issue is the separator. This element must have, among other properties, a good wettability with the electrolyte, so that the choice of the separator is dependent on the choice of the electrolyte, one reason why we have chosen to include them in the same chapter.

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“…More than a decade ago, Prosini et al [59] reported the development of a composite separator for lithium-ion batteries that utilized Al 2 O 3 , MgO 2 , and LiAlO 2 ceramic particles as fillers for a PVDF-HFP polymer matrix. Among them, Al 2 O 3 became the most popular filler [50,54,56,59,62,63], but TiO 2 [64], CaCO 3 [58], SiO 2 [14,50,54,63,65] and ZrO 2 [50,51,63] have also been used. In general, besides the mentioned oxides and carbonates, also nitrides or carbides of Si, Al, Zr, Sn, Ce or Y have been suggested [50], such as SiC [63].…”

Section: Definition Properties Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separators - Technology review: Ceramic based separators for secondary batteries

Nestler¹,

Schmid²,

Münchgesang³

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Besides a continuous increase of the worldwide use of electricity, the electric energy storage technology market is a growing sector. At the latest since the German energy transition ("Energiewende") was announced, technological solutions for the storage of renewable energy have been intensively studied. Storage technologies in various forms are commercially available. A widespread technology is the electrochemical cell. Here the cost per kWh, e. g. determined by energy density, production process and cycle life, is of main interest. Commonly, an electrochemical cell consists of an anode and a cathode that are separated by an ion permeable or ion conductive membranethe separator -as one of the main components. Many applications use polymeric separators whose pores are filled with liquid electrolyte, providing high power densities. However, problems arise from different failure mechanisms during cell operation, which can affect the integrity and functionality of these separators. In the case of excessive heating or mechanical damage, the polymeric separators become an incalculable security risk. Furthermore, the growth of metallic dendrites between the electrodes leads to unwanted short circuits. In order to minimize these risks, temperature stable and non-flammable ceramic particles can be added, forming so-called composite separators. Full ceramic separators, in turn, are currently commercially used only for high-temperature operation systems, due to their comparably low ion conductivity at room temperature. However, as security and lifetime demands increase, these materials turn into focus also for future room temperature applications. Hence, growing research effort is being spent on the improvement of the ion conductivity of these ceramic solid electrolyte materials, acting as separator and electrolyte at the same time. Starting with a short overview of available separator technologies and the separator market, this review focuses on ceramic-based separators. Two prominent examples, the lithium-ion and sodium-sulfur battery, are described to show the current stage of development. New routes are presented as promising technologies for safe and long-life electrochemical storage cells.

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A powder particle size effect on ceramic powder based separator for lithium rechargeable battery

Cited by 115 publications

References 0 publications

Nanoparticle-coated separators for lithium-ion batteries with advanced electrochemical performance

Nanoparticle-coated separators for lithium-ion batteries with advanced electrochemical performance

Electrolytes and Separators for Lithium Batteries

Separators - Technology review: Ceramic based separators for secondary batteries

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