A power wave theory of antennas

Farr, Everett G.

doi:10.1109/icuwb.2013.6663813

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is simplest to consider only the dominant polarization and far fields on boresight. The general case of two polarizations and arbitrary angles of incidence and radiation is treated briefly in the "Transformation to the Time Domain and Extension to Two Polarizations" section and in more detail in [3] and [4]. The fields and waves are expressed in the frequency domain using a two-port network formulation, as shown in Figure 1, where port 2 is a radiation port.…”

Section: The Antenna Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Fundamental Antenna-Theory Puzzles Solved by the Antenna Equation: A remarkable array of solutions

Farr

2022

IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag.

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XXXXX Describing the performance of antennas in the time domain has long been problematic. No standard definitions exist, for example, in the IEEE Standard Definitions of Terms for Antennas [1]. This makes it difficult for ultrawideband (UWB) antenna manufacturers to compare their antennas to each other. This contrasts sharply with the situation in the frequency domain, where one commonly uses gain or realized gain, as defined in [1]. With no accepted standards, UWB antenna development is hindered. To address this, the antenna equation has recently been developed. However, for it to become widely adopted, more examples of its usefulness are needed.In this article, 10 fundamental antenna-theory puzzles are solved using the antenna equation. Chief among these is how to combine gain with a meaningful phase and what the time domain analog of gain is. It is shown how to relate the antenna impulse response to realized gain. It is also explained how to use signal-flow graphs to simplify and solve complicated antenna problems. With these examples, we should finally be ready to adopt as standards new terms that emerge from the antenna equation.

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Section: The Antenna Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Fundamental Antenna-Theory Puzzles Solved by the Antenna Equation: A remarkable array of solutions

Farr

2022

IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag.

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“…e reception feature of a time-domain antenna is generally described by the impulse response h(t). [14,15] e designed time-domain antenna shows good performance with the height and width of 46 cm. In time domain, it has an impulse response h(t) with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 284 ps, as shown in Figure 2, and the mid-band effective height is 0.13 m, which is obtained from…”

Section: Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiment on Direction of Arrival Estimation of Atmospheric Spark Discharge Plasma Using Combined Time-Domain Antenna

Yan

Tie

et al. 2020

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Apart from interfering in the communication system of an aircraft, electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) radiated from spark discharge plasma, which is generated during high-speed flight, can also be utilized in passive detection. In order to validate this idea, an experiment on direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of a spark discharge plasma target using its radiated EMPs is carried out in this paper. A combined time-domain antenna is designed based on the model of spark discharge process and is used to receive the radiated EMPs during the experiment. According to the experimental results, the DOA estimation system with combined antenna is able to obtain the direction information of a spark discharge plasma. Results also show that the estimation performance of elevation angle is better when the actual elevation angle of the discharge plasma target is higher, while the estimation performance of azimuth is opposite. The azimuth angle of a target has very little influence on the DOA estimation. Moreover, the estimation error can be reduced effectively by increasing the aperture size of receiving array. The previously mentioned results provide an approach to locate the discharge plasma source using radiated EMPs with passive detection techniques.

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“…Both the phasor equation and the FDTD method agree on both the shape and magnitude of the transmitted signal, and correctly model fading due to the reflector. The remaining differences between the two methods can be attributed to finite accuracy of the FDTD method and the approximate nature of expressions (12) and (13).…”

Section: Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latter case the antenna community started employing various time domain versions of the transmission equation [2]- [4]. Still, most of publications on this topic deals with frequency domain phasor quantities, where an antenna is characterized either by complex effective length [3]- [9] or some form of transfer function [9]- [13], each of them either as scalar or vector, and not always the same for transmitting and O. Franek is with the Antennas, Propagation and Millimetre-Wave Systems section, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark (e-mail: of@es.aau.dk) Manuscript received April 6, 2017. This work was partially supported by the Innovation Fund Denmark (iRotor project).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phasor Alternatives to Friis’ Transmission Equation

Fránek

2018

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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Two alternatives to Friis' transmission equation in terms of phasor voltage waves are presented. In one formulation antennas are characterized by the complex effective length vectors. An additional form introducing field gain, that serves effectively as a phasor counterpart to the power gain, is proposed. Both forms show the same degree of symmetry and modularity as the original Friis' equation, but thanks to using phasors instead of power quantities they allow for superposition of fields or voltages. Although the new transmission equations are formulated in frequency domain, they also constitute a simple and intuitive way to calculate time domain responses of antennas, such as in ultrawideband (UWB) systems. Application of the equations is demonstrated on a simple example of coupling between two non-aligned dipoles in the vicinity of a conductive reflector.

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A power wave theory of antennas

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Ten Fundamental Antenna-Theory Puzzles Solved by the Antenna Equation: A remarkable array of solutions

Ten Fundamental Antenna-Theory Puzzles Solved by the Antenna Equation: A remarkable array of solutions

Experiment on Direction of Arrival Estimation of Atmospheric Spark Discharge Plasma Using Combined Time-Domain Antenna

Phasor Alternatives to Friis’ Transmission Equation

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