“…Biometric identiÿcation systems (BISs), i.e., identiÿcation based on biometric features, are expected to provide in the near future secure access to physical and virtual resources and spaces since, unlike traditional identiÿcation, they are based on what we are (our individual traits). Virtually any physiological feature could be used for identiÿcation; however, the most generalized biometric techniques include the automated recognition of ÿn-gerprints, faces, iris, retina, hand geometry, voice and signature [50,44,27,59,60,32].…”