A Practical Model of Godel–Planck–Hubble–Birch Universe

Abstract

By considering 'Planck mass' as a characteristic massive seed and by replacing big bang with a growing Planck ball, an evolving model of quantum cosmology can be developed. With reference to increasing support for large scale cosmic anisotropy, preferred directions, quantum mechanical demand of cosmic spin and by considering a decreasing trend of angular velocity, from the beginning of Planck scale, we have developed a procedure for estimating the trend of all cosmic physical parameters. From and about the baby universe, in all directions, cosmic acceleration can be understood with increasing expansion velocity and decreasing total matter density ratio. We would like suggest that, from the beginning of Planck scale, 1) Dark matter can be considered as a kind of cosmic foam responsible for formation of galaxies. 2) Cosmic angular velocity decreases with square of the decreasing cosmic temperature. 3) Increasing ratio of Hubble parameter to angular velocity plays a crucial role in estimating increasing cosmic expansion velocity and decreasing total matter density ratio. 4) There is no need to consider dark energy for understanding cosmic acceleration. With further study, cosmological nucleosynthesis and dark matter synthesis along with mass generation mechanism can be reviewed in a quantum cosmological approach.

Light Speed Expansion and Rotation of a Very Dark Machian Universe Having Internal Acceleration

“…In our earlier and recent published papers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] we tried to highlight the basic drawbacks of big bang, inflation and galactic red shift in various possible ways. As of now, theoretically and observationally, with respect to inflation, isotropy, expansion speed, dark matter, dark energy and rotation, whole subject of cosmology is being driven into many controversies and dividing cosmologists into various groups with difference of opinions.…”

Light Speed Expansion and Rotation of a Very Dark Machian Universe Having Internal Acceleration

“…In our earlier and recent published papers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] we tried to highlight the basic drawbacks of big bang, inflation and galactic red shift in various possible ways. As of now, theoretically and observationally, with respect to inflation, isotropy, expansion speed, dark matter, dark energy and rotation, whole subject of cosmology is being driven into many controversies and dividing cosmologists into various groups with difference of opinions.…”

4G model of final unification – A brief report

“…Black hole temperature point of view [3], strong interaction point of view [4][5][6][7] and electroweak interaction point of view [8], scientists found very interesting similarities in between gravity and quantum phenomena. Quantum cosmology point of view [9] and nuclear quantum gravity point of view [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], we have developed many workable ideas, concepts and relations. Super symmetry point of view [21][22][23][24], we proposed a method for understanding baryon and meson masses.…”