A Practical Pricing Approach to Smart Grid Demand Response Based on Load Classification

Yang, Hongming; Zhang, Jun; Qiu, Jing; Zhang, Sanhua; Lai, Mingyong; Zhang, Dong

doi:10.1109/tsg.2016.2547883

Cited by 132 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The incentive-based DR contains main issues such as: direct load control [38,39], interruptible or curtailable DR services [40,41], demand bidding or buyback programs [42,43], emergency DR programs [44,45], capacity market programs, and ancillary services market programs [46]. On the other hand, the price-based DR considers the issues of time-of-use rates, real-time pricing, and critical-peak pricing [47][48][49][50]. In general, the post-fault service restoration process of the FLISR application can be considered as part of demand response management in distribution networks.…”

Section: Advanced Distribution Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

FLISR Approach for Smart Distribution Networks Using E-Terra Software—A Case Study

Bùi

Ngo

et al. 2018

Energies

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A smart grid concept has been defined in recent years, which emphasizes the importance on smart protection and measurement devices, reliable data communication and high security, optimal energy management system, and fault detection, location, isolation and service restoration (FLISR) of distribution networks (DNs). The main objectives of the FLISR approach are to achieve fast fault processing time, reduce the minimum number of interrupted customers, and improve the power supply reliability of the distribution. The conventional FLISR approach is to use signals of fault indicators (FIs) with distribution network states. The discrete installation of FIs to switches or reclosers may slow the processing time of fault detection and location, so it is necessary to develop a more efficient FLISR approach for smart distribution networks using functions of feeder terminal units (FTUs). In this paper, pick-up and tripping signals of overcurrent (OC) relays in combination with distribution grid states (e.g., switching status of devices, loss of voltage…) sent from feeder terminal units (FTUs) are used to detect and locate different fault types. Fault isolation and service restoration of black-out areas are then performed by solving an objective function with two main constraints, including (i) restoring the possible maximum number of out-of-service loads; and (ii) limiting the minimum number of switching operation. Thirteen performance factors (PF) are used for the post-fault service restoration process, consisting of: (i) Power Flow Violations (PFV), (ii) Bus Voltage Violations (BVV), (iii) Total Operation Cost (TOC), (iv) Lost Power (LP), (v) Outage Customer (OC), (vi) Number of Switching Steps (NSS), (vii) Power Losses (LOSS); (viii) Customer Minutes Interruption (CMI), (ix) Load Minutes Interruption (LMI), (x) MAIFI, (xi) SAIFI, (xii) SAIDI, and (xiii) Protection Validation (PRV). E-Terra platform of a distribution management system (DMS) is used to implement the proposed FLISR approach. Simulation and experiment results from a real 22 kV distribution network are also analysed to validate this FLISR approach. As a result, the novel FLISR approach has the ability to identify effectively the over-reaching of OC relays, indicate a mis-coordination risk of adjacent protection devices on the same feeder, and get the total processing time of fault detection, location and isolation as well as ranking all possible service restoration plans in distribution network at less than two minutes.

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Section: Advanced Distribution Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

FLISR Approach for Smart Distribution Networks Using E-Terra Software—A Case Study

Bùi

Ngo

et al. 2018

Energies

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“…An optimal solution for responding to RTP in an agent‐based simulation model is proposed for the optimal control of multiple heterogeneous homes electricity consumption. Following the fast development of smart grids, it is imperative that appropriate pricing schemes are implemented to encourage more controllable loads to participate in the electricity market operations. In order to manage geographically dispersed and large‐scale controllable loads, a practical pricing model in smart grids is proposed . Day‐ahead hourly pricing mechanism has the advantage of reducing pricing uncertainties and allowing the retail utility to optimize the retail pricing adaptively.…”

Section: Literature Review On Price‐based Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges of demand response in active distribution networks

Ponnaganti

Pillai

Bak‐Jensen

2017

WIREs Energy & Environment

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In power systems, the installed generation capacity must exceed the annual peak demand, even though some capacity is kept idle most of the time. However, if it is uneconomical or not feasible to augment a sufficient capacity, the demand might exceed the available capacity. This mandates the system operator to shed the load in order to maintain security of the system. With the advent of advanced smart metering infrastructure, communication between system operator and end-use customers makes it possible to adjust/curtail/shift the demand with respect to the state of the system. The response of the demand commonly termed as demand response (DR) can be attained either by incentive-based or pricebased. With the help of DR, the renewable energy generation capacity can be increased by tuning the demand to match the variable and unpredictable power from renewable generation. It can also bring other benefits such as peak shaving, hosting capacity enhancement, and generation cost reduction. Furthermore, electric vehicles, heat pumps, and electric water heater can also be used as distributed storage resources to contribute to ancillary services, such as frequency/ voltage regulation, peak-shaving power or help to integrate fluctuating renewable resources. All these DR modes of operation need conventional regulatory frameworks and market design for capitalizing the available resources. Therefore, the objective of the study is to discuss the DR classification and their control strategies, DR role in microgrids and integration of renewable energy resources. Also, highlighted the opportunities and challenges along with the insights for the research scope associated with DR.

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“…The association of smart meters and sensors along power grid networks allows the generation centers access to real-time power demand information. This information can be used to implement an efficient generation and distribution plan [4,5]. As such, integration of these technologies into power system infrastructure has greatly increased the energy efficiency as well as reduced the price of electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security aspects of Internet of Things aided smart grids: A bibliometric survey

et al. 2021

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The integration of sensors and communication technology in power systems, known as the smart grid, is an emerging topic in science and technology. One of the critical issues in the smart grid is its increased vulnerability to cyber threats. As such, various types of threats and defense mechanisms are proposed in literature. This paper offers a bibliometric survey of research papers focused on the security aspects of Internet of Things (IoT) aided smart grids. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the very first bibliometric survey paper in this specific field. A bibliometric analysis of all journal articles is performed and the findings are sorted by dates, authorship, and key concepts. Furthermore, this paper also summarizes the types of cyber threats facing the smart grid, the various security mechanisms proposed in literature, as well as the research gaps in the field of smart grid security.

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A Practical Pricing Approach to Smart Grid Demand Response Based on Load Classification

Cited by 132 publications

References 25 publications

FLISR Approach for Smart Distribution Networks Using E-Terra Software—A Case Study

FLISR Approach for Smart Distribution Networks Using E-Terra Software—A Case Study

Opportunities and challenges of demand response in active distribution networks

Security aspects of Internet of Things aided smart grids: A bibliometric survey

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