A Practical Primer To Power Analysis for Simple Experimental Designs

Perugini, Marco; Gallucci, Marcello; Costantini, Giulio

doi:10.5334/irsp.181

Cited by 330 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

241

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An a priori power analysis was conducted applying an R script by Perugini et al [56]. Based on our previous results, we estimated an effect size of 0.025.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encouraging Pro-Environmental Behaviors Through Children-Based Appeals: A Kin Selection Perspective

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental problems are due to the fact of humans prioritizing their narrow personal interests over collective interests. How can pro-environmental behavior be promoted without requiring people to behave in ways that go against their selfish tendencies? Kin selection theory asserts that humans are predisposed to ensure the survival and replication of their genes which they share with their offspring. We hypothesized that appeals to the welfare of their children would foster pro-environmental decision-making through activating a parental care motivation. Four studies examined the impact of messages about the welfare of (potential) children on environmental intentions. Overall, the results show that children-based appeals indirectly fostered ecological intentions through an increased parental care motivation. Furthermore, meta-analyses triangulated these findings by showing that people with children show greater parental care and pro-environmental intentions. These results are discussed in light of the kin selection theory, and its implications for environmental policymaking are addressed.

show abstract

“…An a priori power analysis was conducted applying an R script by Perugini et al [56]. Based on our previous results, we estimated an effect size of 0.025.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encouraging Pro-Environmental Behaviors Through Children-Based Appeals: A Kin Selection Perspective

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the more likely situation of no VHF asymmetry for one type of stimulus and a reliable VHF asymmetry for the other type of stimulus, the number of participants required must be multiplied by four (i.e., a total of at least 160 participants). The number further increases if the VHF asymmetry for one type of stimulus is just a bit smaller than that for the other type (Perugini et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The requirements are still higher when the research involves the assessment of an interaction rather than a main effect. Only in case of a fully crossed interaction do the numbers of observations required for a main effect suffice (Brysbaert, 2019;Perugini, Gallucci, & Costantini, 2018). That is a situation in which one type of stimulus elicits a reliable RVF advantage and the other type of stimulus elicits an equally strong LVF advantage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of word valence on the right visual field advantage in the VHF paradigm: time to adjust the expectations

Clercq

Brysbaert

2020

Laterality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies found that valence (positive vs negative vs neutral) and visual half-field (left versus right) have an influence on word reading: Words are processed more efficiently when they evoke positive feelings and when they appear in the right visual field. In the present study we tried to address previous (contradictory) reports of an interaction between valence and visual half-field. A group of 39 right-handed undergraduates completed a lexical decision task in their native language (Dutch). They responded to 300 trials with real words (50 words per valence category -positive, negative, neutral -presented once in the left visual half-field and once in the right half-field) and 300 trials with non-words. Overall, participants responded more efficiently to positive words and there was a strong right visual field advantage. We did not find a significant interaction, however. Further analysis indicated that to find a replicable interaction between a stimulus characteristic and visual half-field, one requires much high numbers of participants and stimuli than done so far (and more than most researchers would be willing to invest). Experimental power is particularly low when the interaction is not fully crossed (a right visual field advantage for one type of stimulus and an equally large left visual field advantage for the other type of stimulus). If such investment cannot be made, the outcome is likely to be ambiguous at best and deceiving at worst if only significant findings are published.

show abstract

“…While both processes are indicative of autonomic dysregulation, the former implicates a dominant PNS whereas the latter implicates a dominant SNS; thus, these two accounts not only yield distinct contributions to existing psychobiological models of SAD but also have distinct treatment implications. Finally, because we were limited in our statistical power to detect significant moderating effects of sex (Perugini, Gallucci, & Costantini, 2018), we stratified our analyses by sex given evidence of sex-specific effects in these processes (e.g., Brougham et al, 2009;Merikangas et al, 2010;Ordaz & Luna, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic nervous system dominance during stress recovery mediates associations between stress sensitivity and social anxiety symptoms in female adolescents

Ho¹,

Pham²,

Miller³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders diagnosed during adolescence. SAD is associated with both psychological stress reactivity and heightened physiological arousal; however, no study has systematically examined which aspects of autonomic nervous system function mediate the likely links between stress sensitivity and symptoms of SAD in adolescents. In this study, we assessed 163 adolescents (90 females; 12.29±1.39 years) with respect to severity of life stress and social anxiety symptoms and measured respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance levels (SCL) during a well-validated psychosocial stress paradigm composed of baseline, reactivity, and recovery periods. We operationalized stress sensitivity as the residual variance in subjective stress severity after accounting for objective stress severity and changes in autonomic regulation (relative to baseline) during reactivity and recovery using standardized change scores in RSA and SCL. We found that in females only, stress sensitivity and symptoms of SAD were significantly correlated with each other (p<0.001) and with autonomic regulation during both reactivity and recovery (all ps<0.04). Further, sympathetic nervous system dominance during recovery specifically mediated associations between stress sensitivity and symptoms of SAD (B=1.06, 95% CI: 0.02–2.64). In contrast, in males, stress sensitivity, autonomic regulation during reactivity or recovery, and symptoms of SAD were not significantly associated (all ps>0.1). We interpret these results in the context of psychobiological models of SAD and discuss implications for interventions targeting autonomic processes in this disorder.

show abstract

A Practical Primer To Power Analysis for Simple Experimental Designs

Cited by 330 publications

References 61 publications

Encouraging Pro-Environmental Behaviors Through Children-Based Appeals: A Kin Selection Perspective

Encouraging Pro-Environmental Behaviors Through Children-Based Appeals: A Kin Selection Perspective

The influence of word valence on the right visual field advantage in the VHF paradigm: time to adjust the expectations

Sympathetic nervous system dominance during stress recovery mediates associations between stress sensitivity and social anxiety symptoms in female adolescents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About