A pragmatic service typology: capturing the distinctive dynamics of services in time and space

The impact of participation within formal standardization on firm performance

“…Service providers primarily classified within NACE 2.0 division 62, 63, 71 or 72 were assigned to the technology-developing service providers. This approach is based on the literature (Glueckler and Hammer 2011;Hipp and Grupp 2005, p. 523;Vence and Trigo 2009). Table 2 provides a summary of all variables including a short description, the measurement, and the source.…”

Appropriability as the driver of internationalization of service-oriented firms

“…One of the reasons why studying services presents a challenge is that they are extremely heterogeneous (Glückler & Hammer, 2011). The range of different services is very wide -they may take the form of fully standardized services or customized ones, they can be location free or location bound (Grönroos, 1999;Patterson & Cicic, 1995) and they can emerge in completely different areas ranging from financial to repair services 1040 P. Hurmelinna-Laukkanen and P. Ritala or from entertainment to professional consulting services (Hipp, Tether, & Miles, 2000).…”

“…More specifically, it is to be expected that internationalization of services will differ from that of products in many respects, and the characteristics of services play a central role in this. While services come in various forms (Edvardsson & Olsson, 1996;Glückler & Hammer, 2011), their common features (separating them from tangible products) typically create challenges in relation to internationalization that are not present, or as pronounced, in productoriented manufacturing firms.…”

The organization of service business

“…Whilst the aggregate significance of interpersonal interaction in driving agglomeration in firm location has been discussed already, there are other important transformations occurring in the contact of the ongoing globalization of business service markets and firms. At the level of the individual employee, much KIBS work involves the cultivation and maintenance of social contact networks (Glückler and Hammer 2011). This applies at both the inter-and intra-firm level and across all scales from the urban regional to global.…”