A pre-clinical murine model of oral implant osseointegration

Abstract

Many of our assumptions concerning oral implant osseointegration are extrapolated from experimental models studying skeletal tissue repair in long bones. This disconnect between clinical practice and experimental research hampers our understanding of bone formation around oral implants and how this process can be improved. We postulated that oral implant osseointegration would be fundamentally equivalent to implant osseointegration elsewhere in the body. Mice underwent implant placement in the edentulous ridge anterior to the first molar and peri-implant tissues were evaluated at various timepoints after surgery. Our hypothesis was disproven; oral implant osseointegration is substantially different from osseointegration in long bones. For example, in the maxilla peri-implant pre-osteoblasts are derived from cranial neural crest whereas in the tibia peri-implant osteoblasts are derived from mesoderm. In the maxilla, new osteoid arises from periostea of the maxillary bone but in the tibia the new osteoid arises from the marrow space. Cellular and molecular analyses indicate that osteoblast activity and mineralization proceeds from the surfaces of the native bone and osteoclastic activity is responsible for extensive remodeling of the new peri-implant bone. In addition to histologic features of implant osseointegration, molecular and cellular assays conducted in a murine model provide new insights into the sequelae of implant placement and the process by which bone is generated around implants.

Rescuing failed oral implants via Wnt activation

“…To better understand the variables influencing this fibroblast/osteoblast cell fate decision we developed a mouse model of successful oral implant osseointegration (Mouraret et al. ) then modified the model to create a situation where implants would reliably fail (Mouraret et al. ).…”

Peri‐implant alveolar bone resorption in an innovative peri‐implantitis murine model: Effect of implant surface and onset of infection

“…38 The implant was inserted by the use of a special conductor until stability of the implant in the socket was achieved. After rinsing the animals' mouths with a povidone-iodine solution for 1 minute, the first molar tooth was extracted and the self-tapped implant was placed manually in the socket of the root (immediate implantation), as described in detail by Mouraret.…”

“…Baker 35 and Polak 36 used the gavage technique to challenge the mice by periodontal bacteria to induce periodontitis, while Pirih induced infection by injection of LPS that were produced from P gingivalis to the mucosa around the implant. 33,37 Here, we propose a murine model that has been developed in our laboratory based on the implant insertion by Mouraret 38 and Baker's alveolar bone loss model. 33,37 Here, we propose a murine model that has been developed in our laboratory based on the implant insertion by Mouraret 38 and Baker's alveolar bone loss model.…”

3‐dimensional visualization of implant‐tissue interface with the polyethylene glycol associated solvent system tissue clearing method

“…9,13 During the sample preparation, implants were removed to enable tissue embedding and sectioning, 14 which inevitably destroyed the integrity of the interface. 9,13 During the sample preparation, implants were removed to enable tissue embedding and sectioning, 14 which inevitably destroyed the integrity of the interface.…”