A Precision Current Integrator of Medium Sensitivity

Lewis, I.A.D.; Collinge, B.

doi:10.1063/1.1770613

Cited by 37 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Current measurement in the presented ASIC is performed using direct slope measurement (DSM) method and charge balancing (CB) method [13], [16], [17] as shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Low Current Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultra Low Current Measurement Mixed-Signal ASIC for Radiation Monitoring Using Ionisation Chambers

et al. 2022

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Measurement of total ionizing dose in a radiation field is efficiently carried out by ionisation chambers. The paper details the design of a mixed-signal ASIC for the front-end electronics of ionisation chambers. A single chip solution for ultra-low current measurement is designed by combining the current processing analog section realized using low leakage thick gate transistors and the data handling digital section implemented using fast thin gate transistors. The design succeeds in limiting the cross coupling between the two circuit domains using deep nwells and guard rings. The ASIC fabricated in 130 nm technology attains a wide dynamic range of -7 fA to -20 µA with maximum error in measurement less than ±4 %. The ASIC occupies an area of 3.52 mm 2 and has a total power consumption of 17.4 mW. The femtoampere range input leakage current of the ASIC contributed primarily by the ESD diodes was found to be varying exponentially with temperature. Dose rate measurements from 5 µSv/h to 7.4 Sv/h is demonstrated by interfacing the ASIC to an ionisation chamber.

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“…Current measurement in the presented ASIC is performed using direct slope measurement (DSM) method and charge balancing (CB) method [13], [16], [17] as shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Low Current Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultra Low Current Measurement Mixed-Signal ASIC for Radiation Monitoring Using Ionisation Chambers

et al. 2022

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“…The second generation of radiation monitors used at CERN is called RAMSES. Unlike ARCON, RAMSES aims at di-rect digitization of the current using current to frequency conversion [2]. As it can been seen from its architecture, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Ramsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

30 Years of Electronics Evolution for CERN Safety Radiation Monitoring

Boukabache,

Mohanan,

Ducos

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Radiation protection at CERN ensures a safe environment for the people working on site and for the general public by protecting against any unjustified exposure to ionizing radiation. One typical detector type used by the radiation monitoring system at CERN are ionization chambers. The ionizing radiation is detected by these sensors which produce a current proportional to the received radiation dose rate. The unavailability of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) radiation monitoring systems which can fulfill our requirements was the driving force for undertaking in-house development of our own solution. The various systems developed in the Radiation Protection (RP) group of CERN are presented in this paper. The legacy systems and the latest generation of installed radiation monitors are all based on discrete components. The management of such complex systems with thousands of components is a herculean task and there is the unavoidable risk of obsolescence of components. The solution currently applied is the procurement and storage of components that may be required in the foreseeable future. This approach, although temporarily helping to mitigate the obsolescence problem, nonetheless renders any fault repair or upgrade cumbersome. Hence, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) development was initiated by the RP group. This paper presents the architecture of the readout section of three systems developed through 30 years of CERN operation before getting into the details of an in-house developed ASIC for radiation monitoring systems that provides state-of-the-art performance, as well as avoids dependency on COTS systems and components.

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“…The equilibrium concentration has been reported as 9.1 % ammonia by volume by Lind and Bardwel1,l 13.5 % by Ponsaerts,z 60.5 % by Davidge,3 and 4.7 % by d'olieslager and Jungers.4 Only in the last case was the equilibrium measured directly by observing the rate of reaction in a series of ammonia + nitrogen +hydrogen mixtures near equilibrium. The other figures were obtained either by extrapolation of rate/time curves or from the initial opposing G values, assuming that the decomposition and synthesis reactions had no effect upon each other.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Proton irradiation of ammonia

Horscroft¹

1964

Trans. Faraday Soc.

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The radiolysis of ammonia gas below 1 atm has been investigated under proton irradiation, using a Van de Graaff accelerator. The equilibrium concentration of ammonia has been directly measured as from 3-7 % ammonia by volume. The G value of ammonia decomposition has been measured as a function of ammonia pressure, radiation intensity and added nitrogen, hydrogen and xenon pressure. Increasing ammonia pressure causes a small decrease in the rate of decomposition; a fall in decomposition rate is also observed with increasing intensity. An increase of 106 in the radiation intensity produces a faU in the G value from 4.0 to 1.6. Added xenon and nitrogen increase the decomposition rate, if the energy primarily absorbed in the ammonia only is considered. No hydrazine could be detected in the products. Some implications of these results are discussed.

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A Precision Current Integrator of Medium Sensitivity

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

An Ultra Low Current Measurement Mixed-Signal ASIC for Radiation Monitoring Using Ionisation Chambers

An Ultra Low Current Measurement Mixed-Signal ASIC for Radiation Monitoring Using Ionisation Chambers

30 Years of Electronics Evolution for CERN Safety Radiation Monitoring

Proton irradiation of ammonia

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