A Precision Method for Determining the Centric Relation of the Jaws in Pathological Teeth Abrasion and Completely Absent Dentition

Abstract

Determining the centric occlusion and forming a prosthetic plane is a complex and time-consuming stage of prosthetics in conditions of reduced height of the lower facial part as a decompensated form of pathological teeth abrasion and completely absent dentition. In modern dentistry, there is a large number of techniques, methods and devices for determining and constructing a prosthetic plane and further determining the centric relation of the jaws. All of them require performing a lot of manipulations to obtain the final result. Errors often occur when determining the centric relations of the jaws, which can affect the quality of manufactured prostheses, their aesthetics and functionality. The purpose of the study is to improve the method of determining the central occlusion based on the use of the author-developed device. Materials and methods. To eliminate the shortcomings of the known methods and techniques for determining the prosthetic plane and the centric relation of the jaws, we developed and patented a device for taking a cast and simultaneous determining the prosthetic plane, as well as the method for subsequent manufacturing a silicone base with occlusal bite-blocks for determining the centric occlusion, which are presented in this article. Results. The practical application of the method that we developed for determining the centric occlusion based on the use of the author-developed device, identified its advantages as well as disadvantages of the traditional well-known method for determining the centric occlusion by wax bases with bite patterns. Conclusions. The use of the method that we offer for determining the prosthetic plane and the centric relation of the jaws at the stages of orthopedic treatment makes it possible to: significantly reduce the time for manufacturing the prostheses; determine the prosthetic plane simultaneously with taking the working impression in four directions; provide the possibility of more accurate determining the prosthetic plane simultaneously with taking the impression; achieve good fixation of the basis in the oral cavity; eliminate deformations of the basis in the oral cavity, simplify execution, reduce material costs in the manufacturing prostheses.