A predictive and testable unified theory of fermion masses, mixing and leptogenesis

Fu, Bowen; King, Stephen F.; Marsili, Luca; Pascoli, Silvia; Turner, Jessica; Zhou, Ye-Ling

doi:10.1007/jhep11(2022)072

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Spin (10) can accommodate a neutrino sector with mixing angles consistent with experiment [10]. Out-of-equilibrium CP-violating decay of three generations of right-handed neutrino in the early Universe can lead to an asymmetry in baryon minus lepton number B − L, a process called leptogenesis (because the process generates L but not B) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], which can then induce baryogenesis by sphaleron processes [13,22,23], which tend to erase B + L.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…They are not bivectors, but they nevertheless generate Lorentz transformations. The 8 basis elements of the complete Lie algebra of Lorentz transformations comprise the 6 Lorentz generators (24a) along with the unit element and the pseudoscalar J given by equation (21). The commutation rules of the elements of the Lie algebra are those of the Lorentz algebra.…”

Section: T Y Y Z Zmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The generators I rgb and Jσ 2 , equations (19c) and (23), and their product constitute a set of 3 anticommuting generators of spatial rotations that commute with all standard-model generators modified per (17). The pseudoscalar J is given by equation (21). The full set of 6 Lorentz generators, consisting of 3 spatial generators Jσ a and 3 boost generators σ a , is g g g g g g s…”

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confidence: 99%

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Unification of the four forces in the Spin(11,1) geometric algebra

Hamilton¹

2023

Phys. Scr.

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SO(10), or equivalently its covering group Spin(10), is a well-known promising grand unified group that contains the standard-model group. The spinors of the group Spin(N) of rotations in N spacetime dimensions are indexed by a bitcode with [N/2] bits. Fermions in Spin(10) are described by five bits yzrgb, consisting of two weak bits y and z, and three colour bits r, g, b. If a sixth bit t is added, necessary to accommodate a time dimension, then the enlarged Spin(11,1) algebra contains the standard-model and Dirac algebras as commuting subalgebras, unifying the four forces. The symmetry breaking chain that breaks Spin(11,1) to the standard model appears to be essentially unique, proceeding via the Pati-Salam group. The Higgs sector appears similarly unique, consisting of the dimension~66 adjoint representation of Spin(11,1); in effect, the scalar Higgs sector matches the vector gauge sector. Although the unified algebra is that of Spin(11,1), the persistence of the electroweak Higgs field after grand symmetry breaking suggests that the gauge group before grand symmetry breaking is Spin(10,1), not the full group Spin(11,1). The running of coupling parameters predicts that the standard model should unify to the Pati-Salam group Spin(4)_w times Spin(6)_c at 10^{12} GeV, and thence to Spin(10,1) at 10^{15} GeV. The grand Higgs field breaks t-symmetry, can drive cosmological inflation, and generates a large Majorana mass for the right-handed neutrino by flipping its t-bit. The electroweak Higgs field breaks y-symmetry, and generates masses for fermions by flipping their y-bit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: T Y Y Z Zmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unification of the four forces in the Spin(11,1) geometric algebra

Hamilton¹

2023

Phys. Scr.

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“…It is remarkable that these GW experiments will probe GUT scale physics and can rule out various symmetry breaking chains; such large energy scales, however, are impossible to probe in the colliders. The observation of GWs at the PTAs NANOGrav [19], PPTA [20], EPTA [21], and IPTA [22] hint towards gravitational wave signals with the energy density given by [72],…”

Section: Jhep04(2023)058mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For related works on GWs arising from cosmic strings within SO(10) framework, see, for example, refs. [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73].…”

Section: Symmetry Breaking Chain and Topological Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing minimal grand unification through gravitational waves, proton decay, and fermion masses

Saad

2023

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Motivated by the direct discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) from black holes and neutron stars, there is a growing interest in investigating GWs from other sources. Among them, GWs from cosmic strings are particularly fascinating since they naturally appear in a large class of grand unified theories (GUTs). Remarkably, a series of pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) might have already observed GWs in the nHz regime, hinting towards forming a cosmic string network in the early universe, which could originate from phase transition associated with the seesaw scale emerging from GUT. In this work, we show that if these observations from PTAs are confirmed, GWs from cosmic strings, when combined with fermion masses, gauge coupling unification, and proton decay constraints, the parameter space of the minimal SO(10) GUT becomes exceedingly restrictive. The proposed minimal model is highly predictive and will be fully tested in a number of upcoming gravitational wave observatories.

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Flipped SU(5): unification, proton decay, fermion masses and gravitational waves

King,

Leontaris,

Zhou

2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We study supersymmetric (SUSY) flipped SU(5) × U(1) unification, focussing on its predictions for proton decay, fermion masses and gravitational waves. We performed a two-loop renormalisation group analysis and showed that the SUSY flipped SU(5) model predicts a high GUT scale MGUT> 1016 GeV. We also investigated the restrictions on the MB−L scale which is associated with the U(1)χ breaking scale. We found that the MB−L scale can vary in a broad region with negligible or little effect on the value of MGUT. Proton decay in this model is induced by dimension-6 operators only. The dimension-5 operator induced by SUSY contribution is suppressed due to the missing partner mechanism. We found that the partial decay width p → π0e+ is high suppressed, being at least one order of magnitude lower than the future Hyper-K sensitivity. We also studied fermion (including neutrino) masses and mixings which can also influence proton decay. We presented two scenarios of flavour textures to check the consistency of the results with fermion masses and mixing. The B − L gauge breaking leads to the generation of cosmic strings. The B − L scale here is not constrained by gauge coupling unification. If this scale is very close that of GUT breaking, strings can be unstable due to the decay to monopole-antimonople pair. Such metastable strings can be used to explain the NANOGrav signals of stochastic gravitational wave background, which may be interpreted here as resulting from the decay of metastable cosmic strings.

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A predictive and testable unified theory of fermion masses, mixing and leptogenesis

Cited by 12 publications

References 87 publications

Unification of the four forces in the Spin(11,1) geometric algebra

Unification of the four forces in the Spin(11,1) geometric algebra

Probing minimal grand unification through gravitational waves, proton decay, and fermion masses

Flipped SU(5): unification, proton decay, fermion masses and gravitational waves

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