“…Not all online instructors, however, are aware of how to promote online interactions among students or between themselves and their students (Abdous & Yen, 2010;An, Shin, & Lim, 2009;Dennen, Darabi, & Smith, 2007;Lewis & Abdul-Hamid, 2006;Wilson & Stacey, 2004;Young, 2006;Zydney, deNoyelles, & Seo, 2012). Accordingly, numerous online researchers and practitioners have proposed the use of scaffolding strategies to promote interactions based on survey results, interviews, and literature reviews (Young, 2006;McIsaac et al, 1999;Rovai, 2007).…”